Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a condition required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population?

Accepted Answer

Non-random mating

Question 2

A population of wildflowers has two alleles for color: $$C^R ($$red) and $$C^W ($$white). If $$p = 0.7$$ and $$q = 0.3$$, what is the expected frequency of heterozygotes under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$2pq = 0.42$$

Question 3

Which evolutionary mechanism is most likely responsible for a high frequency of polydactyly (extra toes) in cats on Key West?

Accepted Answer

Founder effect

Question 4

Which of the following best describes genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A process where allele frequencies change due to random events, especially in small populations

Question 5

In a population of cattle, 36% are red (homozygous), 16% are white (homozygous), and 48% are roan (heterozygous). What are the allele frequencies for red and white?

Accepted Answer

Red = 0.6, White = 0.4

Question 6

Which type of selection is occurring if intermediate phenotypes are favored over both extremes?

Accepted Answer

Stabilizing selection

Question 7

A population of rabbits is isolated by a river. Due to climate change, the river dries up and the two populations interbreed. Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is violated?

Accepted Answer

No gene flow

Question 8

Which of the following mechanisms consistently increases the amount of genetic variation within a population?

Accepted Answer

Gene flow

Question 9

If the frequency of a recessive genetic disease is $$1/2500 in a $$population, what is the frequency of carriers (heterozygotes) assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$1/50 or 2$$%

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of disruptive selection?

Accepted Answer

Finches with both large and small beaks are more successful during a drought

Question 11

Which of the following statements about natural selection is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection can produce perfect organisms

Question 12

Which population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at the W locus?

Accepted Answer

WW: 0.25, Ww: 0.50, ww: 0.25

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world example of the bottleneck effect?

Accepted Answer

A population is drastically reduced by a natural disaster, leaving only a few survivors

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the founder effect?

Accepted Answer

A small group leaves a population and establishes a new one with different allele frequencies

Question 15

Which type of selection is illustrated when peacocks with larger tails are more likely to attract mates?

Accepted Answer

Sexual selection

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a possible outcome of genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

Consistent increase in adaptive alleles

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of frequency-dependent selection?

Accepted Answer

The fitness of a phenotype depends on how common it is in the population

Question 18

Which of the following is a requirement for evolution by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Heritable variation and differential reproductive success

Question 19

Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is violated when dominant male elephant seals mate with several females, while other males mate with few or none?

Accepted Answer

Random mating

Question 20

Which of the following is true about gene flow?

Accepted Answer

It can prevent local adaptation by homogenizing populations

Mechanisms of Evolution and Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards