Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Accepted Answer

Haploid cells contain one set of chromosomes, while diploid cells contain two sets.

Question 2

Which event occurs during meiosis I but NOT during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes

Question 3

What is the main consequence of nondisjunction during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Production of gametes with abnormal chromosome numbers (aneuploidy)

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a way prokaryotic cells can evolve?

Accepted Answer

Binary fission

Question 5

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why sexual reproduction increases genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

It involves crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization.

Question 7

Which of the following is a difference between metaphase I and metaphase II of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

In metaphase I, homologous chromosome pairs align at the metaphase plate; in metaphase II, individual chromosomes align.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about the products of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Four haploid cells are produced.

Question 9

Which process results in daughter cells that are NOT genetically identical to the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 10

A human somatic cell contains 46 chromosomes. After meiosis, how many chromosomes will each gamete contain?

Accepted Answer

$$23$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of nonlethal aneuploidy in humans?

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome, caused by trisomy 21

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a gamete?

Accepted Answer

A haploid cell produced by meiosis

Question 13

Which of the following events does NOT contribute to genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?

Accepted Answer

Replication of DNA during interphase

Question 14

Which of the following statements about autosomes and sex chromosomes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Autosomes are chromosomes that do not determine sex.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between a somatic cell and a gamete?

Accepted Answer

Somatic cells are diploid, gametes are haploid.

Question 16

Which of the following is a key difference between prophase I and prophase II of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over occurs in prophase I but not in prophase II.

Question 17

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chromosome number in a diploid organism after meiosis?

Accepted Answer

$$2n \rightarrow n$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

It produces genetically identical offspring, making populations more susceptible to disease.

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the number of cell divisions in meiosis compared to mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis involves two cell divisions; mitosis involves one.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why offspring produced by sexual reproduction are genetically unique?

Accepted Answer

Because of crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization.

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction: Study Guide and Comparison with Mitosis

Study Guide - Practice Questions