Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structure of a biological membrane according to the fluid mosaic model?

Accepted Answer

A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and cholesterol that move laterally.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins.

Question 3

A molecule moves down its concentration gradient. Which process is this describing?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Question 4

Which molecule most easily diffuses across a biological membrane’s lipid bilayer, without the help of a protein?

Accepted Answer

O2

Question 5

Which process is also called 'cell eating' and is used by white blood cells to engulf bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 6

Passive membrane transport processes include:

Accepted Answer

Movement of a substance down its concentration gradient.

Question 7

A transport protein that simultaneously transports two different molecules in different directions is called:

Accepted Answer

An antiporter.

Question 8

Osmosis is best defined as the movement of:

Accepted Answer

Water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane into a region of high solute concentration.

Question 9

Plants become turgid when placed in which type of solution?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 10

Which of the following processes includes all of the others?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport

Question 11

Which type(s) of molecules cannot enter/exit the cell via simple diffusion and require facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Charged Ca$$^{2+}$$ and Na$$^+$$ ions.

Question 12

The force driving simple diffusion is ________, while the energy source for active transport is ________.

Accepted Answer

a concentration gradient; ATP hydrolysis

Question 13

A sodium-potassium pump:

Accepted Answer

Transports 3 sodium ions out of a cell and 2 potassium ions into a cell using energy from ATP hydrolysis.

Question 14

How are primary and secondary active transport related?

Accepted Answer

Secondary active transport uses the concentration gradient established by primary active transport.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

It forms intracellular vesicles from inward folding of the plasma membrane.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between simple and facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion requires a protein transporter.

Question 17

A red blood cell is placed in a solution with 0.1% solute outside and 10% solute inside. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will swell.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a transporter that requires ATP to move molecules A and B out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

An active antiporter.

Question 19

Which process is responsible for the secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters from cells?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the movement of water in osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from a hypotonic solution to a hypertonic solution.

Membrane Structure and Function: Study Guide for College Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions