Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Each individual has two factors for each trait, and these factors separate during gamete formation so that each gamete contains only one factor from each pair.

Question 2

A pea plant with genotype $$Bb is $$crossed with another plant with genotype $$bb. $$What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring if $$B is $$dominant for purple flowers and $$b is $$recessive for white flowers?

Accepted Answer

1 purple : 1 white

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A cross between red and white snapdragons producing pink offspring

Question 4

If a person with genotype $$IAIB$$ has children with a person with genotype $$ii$$, what are the possible blood types of their children?

Accepted Answer

Type A and Type B

Question 5

Which genetic disorder is caused by an autosomal recessive allele and results in thick mucus in the lungs due to faulty chloride ion transport?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Question 6

A testcross is used to determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype. Which cross would you perform?

Accepted Answer

Cross the individual with a homozygous recessive ($$bb) $$individual

Question 7

Which of the following best explains polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Multiple genes contribute to a single trait, resulting in a range of phenotypes

Question 8

A pedigree shows a trait that appears in every generation and affects both males and females equally. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Question 9

Which of the following is true about codominance?

Accepted Answer

Both alleles are fully expressed in the phenotype

Question 10

A couple has a child with cystic fibrosis, but neither parent has the disease. What are the possible genotypes of the parents?

Accepted Answer

Both parents are heterozygous carriers

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

Each pair of alleles segregates independently of other pairs during gamete formation

Question 12

A dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$YyRr 	imes YyRr) $$produces what phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 13

Which of the following genetic disorders is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait?

Accepted Answer

Huntington disorder

Question 14

A woman with type AB blood and a man with type O blood have a child. What are the possible blood types for their child?

Accepted Answer

Type A or Type B

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a phenotype?

Accepted Answer

The physical appearance or expression of a trait

Question 16

A child is born with albinism, but both parents have normal pigmentation. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

Both parents are carriers of the recessive allele for albinism

Question 17

Which of the following genetic tests is performed on amniotic fluid to diagnose fetal disorders?

Accepted Answer

Amniocentesis

Question 18

A man with dimples (dominant trait, $$D) $$and a woman without dimples (recessive, $$dd) $$have a child without dimples. What is the genotype of the man?

Accepted Answer

Heterozygous ($$Dd)$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of codominance in humans?

Accepted Answer

ABO blood group, where both $$IA$$ and $$IB$$ alleles are expressed

Question 20

A newborn is diagnosed with PKU (phenylketonuria) through newborn screening. What is the recommended medical intervention?

Accepted Answer

A diet low in phenylalanine

Chapter 14 study guide

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