Question 1

Which of the following best describes a 'true-breeding' organism in Mendel's experiments?

Accepted Answer

An organism that always produces offspring with the same phenotype when self-fertilized.

Question 2

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (Pp x Pp), what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Question 3

Which of the following statements is a direct result of Mendel's Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Each gamete receives only one allele from each gene pair.

Question 4

A pea plant with genotype Pp is crossed with another plant with genotype pp. What percentage of the offspring are expected to have purple flowers if purple (P) is dominant to white (p)?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments?

Accepted Answer

They have a short generation time and many characters with only two traits.

Question 6

If a plant with genotype YYRR (yellow, round) is crossed with yyrr (green, wrinkled), what is the genotype of all F1 offspring?

Accepted Answer

YyRr

Question 7

In a dihybrid cross (YyRr x YyRr), what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation if the genes assort independently?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a genotype?

Accepted Answer

Pp

Question 9

A plant with genotype PpYy is self-fertilized. What fraction of the offspring will be homozygous for both traits (PPYY, PPyy, ppYY, or ppyy)?

Accepted Answer

$$1/16$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

Alleles for different genes segregate into gametes independently.

Question 11

A woman is found to be resistant to Alzheimer's disease due to a unique genetic mutation. Which Mendelian concept does this best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Different alleles can result in different traits.

Question 12

If a heterozygous plant (Pp) is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant (pp), what is the probability that an offspring will be homozygous recessive?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a reason Mendel’s pea plant experiments were successful?

Accepted Answer

Pea plants have a long generation time.

Question 14

In a cross between two plants with genotypes Pp and Pp, what is the probability of producing an offspring with genotype pp?

Accepted Answer

$$1/4$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a phenotype?

Accepted Answer

The observable trait of an organism.

Question 16

A plant with genotype PpYy is crossed with a plant with genotype ppYy. What is the probability that an offspring will have the genotype ppYY?

Accepted Answer

$$1/8$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a key feature of Mendel’s model of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Alleles are inherited as indivisible particles.

Question 18

If a plant with genotype YYRr is crossed with a plant with genotype Yyrr, what is the probability that an offspring will have yellow, wrinkled seeds (Y_rr)?

Accepted Answer

$$1/2$$

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the F2 generation in Mendel’s monohybrid cross showed a 3:1 phenotypic ratio?

Accepted Answer

The dominant allele masks the recessive allele in heterozygotes.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of the application of Mendel’s laws in modern medicine?

Accepted Answer

Identifying genetic resistance to diseases such as Alzheimer’s.

Chapter 14 Lecture Part 1 of 2

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