Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Two alleles of a gene separate during meiosis and end up in different gametes.

Question 2

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$Pp 	imes Pp$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Question 3

If a pea plant has the genotype $$AaTt$$, how many unique gametes can it produce?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A snapdragon flower with pink petals resulting from a cross between red and white parents

Question 5

What is the genotype of a person with blood type O?

Accepted Answer

$$ii$$

Question 6

Which gamete determines the sex of a human offspring?

Accepted Answer

Sperm

Question 7

A man with genotype $$Dd ($$dwarfism, autosomal dominant) and a woman with genotype $$dd ($$normal) have a child. What is the probability that the child will have dwarfism?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about sex-linked inheritance is correct?

Accepted Answer

X-linked recessive traits are more likely to appear in males than females.

Question 9

In a dihybrid cross ($$YyRr 	imes YyRr$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 10

Which term describes a gene that affects multiple traits, such as the gene responsible for sickle cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

Pleiotropy

Question 11

A pedigree shows a trait that appears in every generation and affects both males and females equally. What type of inheritance is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why there is continuous variation in human skin color?

Accepted Answer

It is an example of polygenic inheritance.

Question 13

If two carriers for albinism ($$Aa 	imes Aa) $$have a child, what is the probability that the child will have a normal phenotype?

Accepted Answer

$$3/4$$

Question 14

Which of the following is true about codominance?

Accepted Answer

Both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype.

Question 15

What is the physical basis for Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

Homologous chromosomes separate independently during meiosis.

Question 16

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous?

Accepted Answer

$$pp$$

Question 17

A woman with genotype $$X^N X^n ($$carrier for an X-linked recessive trait) and a man with genotype $$X^N Y$$ have a son. What is the probability that the son will be affected?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 18

Which of the following best defines an allele?

Accepted Answer

An alternate version of a gene.

Question 19

In a Punnett square for a monohybrid cross, what is the genotypic ratio of the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1$$

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autosomal recessive inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Trait appears only in males.

Mendelian Genetics: Principles of Inheritance

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