Question 1

Based on the first image, which best describes the effect of phosphorylation on the enzyme shown?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylation causes a shape change in the enzyme, activating it.

Question 2

In the second image, what is the immediate molecular consequence of EGF binding to EGFR?

Accepted Answer

EGFR dimerizes and becomes phosphorylated.

Question 3

What does the red outline in the first image indicate about the enzyme?

Accepted Answer

It shows the change in shape between inactive and active forms.

Question 4

According to the second image, what is the role of phosphorylation in EGFR signaling?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylation activates EGFR, allowing it to phosphorylate other proteins.

Question 5

If a mutation prevented the attachment of phosphate groups to the enzyme shown in the first image, what would most likely happen?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme would remain inactive and not perform its function.

Question 6

In the context of EGFR signaling (second image), which of the following best explains why EGFR dimerization is important?

Accepted Answer

Dimerization is required for EGFR to become phosphorylated and activate downstream signaling.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about phosphorylation is supported by the images?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylation can cause a protein to change shape and become active.

Question 8

If a drug blocked the phosphorylation sites shown in the first image, what would be the most likely effect on the enzyme?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme would remain in its inactive form.

Question 9

In cancer cells, EGFR is often found in the dimerized, phosphorylated state at all times. What is the most likely consequence of this?

Accepted Answer

Continuous activation of cell division and growth.

Question 10

Based on the images and your knowledge, which therapeutic strategy could be effective against cancers with constantly active EGFR?

Accepted Answer

Drugs that inhibit EGFR phosphorylation.

Mutation, Gene Expression, and the Central Dogma: DNA to Protein

Study Guide - Practice Questions