Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It regulates arousal and energy generation, such as the 'fight-or-flight' response.

Question 2

During the rising phase of an action potential, which ion is primarily responsible for the depolarization of the neuron's membrane?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ($$\mathrm{Na^+}) $$ions moving into the cell

Question 3

Which brain region is primarily responsible for comprehending spoken words?

Accepted Answer

Parietal lobe

Question 4

What happens when a neuron's membrane repolarizes after an action potential?

Accepted Answer

The neuron's membrane voltage becomes more negative.

Question 5

Which of the following is an incorrect statement about nerve nets?

Accepted Answer

They are organized into ganglia.

Question 6

Which glial cell is responsible for myelinating axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cell

Question 7

Afferent neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Transmitting information to the CNS

Question 8

Which part of the brain is most impaired in inebriated people who have difficulty touching their noses with their eyes closed?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 9

Which of the following statements about action potentials is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are triggered by a stimulus that causes depolarization that reaches threshold.

Question 10

Which division of the autonomic nervous system slows the heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic nerves

Question 11

Damage to Broca's area in the cerebral cortex would most likely result in:

Accepted Answer

Inability to speak but can understand language

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

It produces reflexes, which are automatic responses to stimuli.

Question 13

Which of the following is a major difference between the left and right cerebral hemispheres?

Accepted Answer

The left hemisphere is dominant in language, math, and logic.

Question 14

Which structure in the vertebrate brain is primarily involved in information processing and planning actions?

Accepted Answer

Prefrontal cortex

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of neurons in simple animals like cnidarians?

Accepted Answer

Neurons are organized into nerve nets.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about gray matter in the brain?

Accepted Answer

It consists mainly of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains the role of glial cells in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They nourish, support, and regulate neurons.

Question 18

Which brain region is primarily responsible for processing sensory input from the ear?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the motor system in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It carries signals to skeletal muscles for voluntary or involuntary movement.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of lateralization in the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

A person with damage to the left hemisphere has difficulty with language and math.

Nervous Systems: Structure, Function, and Evolution in Animals

Study Guide - Practice Questions