Q: Which of the following best describes the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

$$6 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6 \text{O}_2$$

Q: A person consumes 9 grams of fat, 4 grams of protein, and 4 grams of carbohydrate. How many kilocalories did they consume in total? (Fat: 9 kcal/g, Protein: 4 kcal/g, Carbohydrate: 4 kcal/g)

$$9 \times 9 + 4 \times 4 + 4 \times 4 = 81 + 16 + 16 = 113$$ kilocalories

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6 	ext{CO}_2 + 6 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6 	ext{O}_2$$

Question 2

Which of the following organisms is a photosynthetic autotroph?

Accepted Answer

A cyanobacterium

Question 3

Why can some animals, such as cows, derive energy from cellulose while humans cannot?

Accepted Answer

Cows have symbiotic microorganisms in their digestive tract that produce enzymes to break down cellulose.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fats is correct?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have only single bonds in their chemical structure and tend to raise LDL cholesterol.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why trans fats are considered unhealthy?

Accepted Answer

They increase LDL cholesterol and decrease HDL cholesterol, promoting atherosclerosis.

Question 6

A food label lists 'partially hydrogenated vegetable oil' as an ingredient. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

The food contains trans fats.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct statement about basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Accepted Answer

BMR is the energy a resting animal requires each day to maintain basic physiological functions.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a complex carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Whole grain bread

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of HDL cholesterol in the body?

Accepted Answer

HDL absorbs cholesterol and carries it back to the liver for excretion.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an essential nutrient for humans?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 11

A person consumes 9 grams of fat, 4 grams of protein, and 4 grams of carbohydrate. How many kilocalories did they consume in total? (Fat: 9 kcal/g, Protein: 4 kcal/g, Carbohydrate: 4 kcal/g)

Accepted Answer

$$9 	imes 9 + 4 	imes 4 + 4 	imes 4 = 81 + 16 + 16 = 113$$ kilocalories

Question 12

Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble and must be consumed regularly in the diet?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 13

Which of the following minerals is essential for oxygen transport in the blood, and what is a symptom of its deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Iron; anemia

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why excess consumption of simple sugars can be harmful to health?

Accepted Answer

It can cause rapid spikes in blood glucose, increasing the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Question 15

Which of the following is a trace element required by the human body?

Accepted Answer

Zinc

Question 16

Which of the following foods is a good source of essential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Eggs

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the '10% rule' in the energy pyramid?

Accepted Answer

Only about 10% of the energy at one trophic level is transferred to the next level.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the role of the leptin gene in mice is correct?

Accepted Answer

A functional leptin gene helps regulate body weight by signaling satiety.

Question 19

Which of the following is a symptom of vitamin A deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Night blindness

Nutrition and Energy Flow in Biological Systems

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