Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Each individual has two alleles for each gene, and these alleles separate during gamete formation so that each gamete receives only one allele.

Question 2

In a monohybrid cross between a homozygous dominant (PP) and a homozygous recessive (pp) pea plant, what is the expected genotype ratio in the F1 generation?

Accepted Answer

100% Pp

Question 3

If two heterozygous pea plants (Pp) are crossed, what is the expected phenotype ratio for purple (dominant) to white (recessive) flowers in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

3:1

Question 4

A plant with genotype AaBb can produce which of the following gametes according to the law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

AB, Ab, aB, ab

Question 5

In a dihybrid cross between YyRr x YyRr (Y = yellow, y = green, R = round, r = wrinkled), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 6

What is the probability that two parents with genotype AaBbCcDd will have an offspring with genotype AABBCCDD?

Accepted Answer

$$\left(\frac{1}{4}\$$right)^4$$ = \frac{1}{256}$$

Question 7

A man with blood type AB and a woman with blood type O have children. Which blood types are possible for their children?

Accepted Answer

A or B

Question 8

Which inheritance pattern is illustrated when a red-flowered plant crossed with a white-flowered plant produces offspring with pink flowers?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete dominance

Question 9

A pedigree shows a trait that skips generations and appears only in individuals who are homozygous for the allele. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Question 10

Which of the following best describes pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

A single gene affects multiple phenotypic traits.

Question 11

If a heterozygous individual for cystic fibrosis (Ff) has a child with another heterozygote (Ff), what is the probability their child will have cystic fibrosis (ff)?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of codominance?

Accepted Answer

A person with genotype $$I^A I^B$$ has both A and B antigens on their red blood cells.

Question 13

Which scenario best illustrates polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Human skin color, which is influenced by several genes.

Question 14

If a plant with genotype YyRr is crossed with a plant with genotype YyRR, what is the probability of producing an offspring with genotype yyRR?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{8}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why hydrangea flowers can be different colors depending on soil conditions?

Accepted Answer

The phenotype is influenced by environmental factors (nature vs. nurture).

Question 16

A pedigree shows that every affected individual has at least one affected parent and the trait does not skip generations. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a step in solving a dihybrid cross problem?

Accepted Answer

Determine the number of chromosomes in each gamete.

Question 18

Which scientist is known for studying the genetics of disease in the African American population and hosting a hip-hop inspired genetics podcast?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Janina Jeff

Patterns of Inheritance: Mendelian and Non-Mendelian Genetics

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