Q: Which equation represents the rule of multiplication for calculating the probability of two independent events both occurring?

$$P(A \text{ and } B) = P(A) \times P(B)$$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why the blending hypothesis was rejected in favor of Mendel's particulate theory of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Traits that disappear in one generation can reappear in later generations, which blending cannot explain.

Question 2

In Mendel's experiments, what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation when crossing two heterozygous pea plants for flower color (Pp × Pp)?

Accepted Answer

3:1

Question 3

A plant with genotype $$A A B b C C is $$crossed with a plant of genotype $$A a B b C c. $$What is the probability that an offspring will have the genotype $$A A B B C C$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{8}$$

Question 4

Which step in meiosis is the physical basis for the segregation of alleles according to Mendel's law of segregation?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 5

A testcross is performed between a Labrador retriever with normal eyes and a homozygous recessive dog for PRA (blindness). Half the offspring are normal and half develop PRA. What is the genotype of the normal parent?

Accepted Answer

Heterozygous

Question 6

Which of the following best describes pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

A single gene influences multiple phenotypic characters.

Question 7

In humans, the ABO blood group is controlled by three alleles. Which genotype results in type AB blood?

Accepted Answer

$$I^A I^B$$

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Human height

Question 9

A white-eyed female Drosophila is mated with a red-eyed (wild-type) male. What is the expected result for the offspring?

Accepted Answer

All male offspring will have white eyes; all female offspring will have red eyes.

Question 10

Neither Tom nor Sue has hemophilia, but their first son does. If the couple has a second child, what is the probability that he or she will also have the disease?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 11

Which of Mendel’s laws has its physical basis in the orientation of homologous chromosome pairs in metaphase I of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Law of independent assortment

Question 12

What is the primary benefit of genetic screening by chorionic villus sampling (CVS)?

Accepted Answer

It can detect genetic disorders early in pregnancy.

Question 13

Why was Mendel able to ignore environmental influences in his pea plant experiments?

Accepted Answer

He used plants grown in highly controlled environments, minimizing environmental variation.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about sex determination in mammals is correct?

Accepted Answer

The Y chromosome contains genes for the development of testes.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes codominance?

Accepted Answer

Both alleles are fully expressed in the heterozygote.

Question 16

Linked genes are inherited differently from nonlinked genes because:

Accepted Answer

They are located close together on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together.

Question 17

A genetic map based on recombinant frequencies is called:

Accepted Answer

A linkage map

Question 18

Which equation represents the rule of multiplication for calculating the probability of two independent events both occurring?

Accepted Answer

$$P(A 	ext{ and } B) = P(A) 	imes P(B)$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of a recessive genetic disorder inherited as described by Mendel’s laws?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Patterns of Inheritance: Mendelian Genetics and Its Extensions

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