Question 1

Which tissue system is responsible for the bulk of young plant tissue, filling the space between dermal and vascular tissues, and is primarily composed of parenchyma cells?

Accepted Answer

Ground tissue

Question 2

What is the main function of the cuticle secreted by the epidermal cells of plants?

Accepted Answer

Protection against water loss, pathogens, and UV radiation

Question 3

Which cell type is alive at maturity, has a thick, uneven primary wall, and provides support to young and growing organs such as the celery petiole?

Accepted Answer

Collenchyma

Question 4

A botanist is examining a plant cell with a thick secondary wall containing lignin. Which cell type is she most likely observing?

Accepted Answer

Sclerenchyma

Question 5

Which of the following statements about xylem cells is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are dead at maturity and transport water and minerals.

Question 6

Which polymer is primarily responsible for the rigidity and strength of wood and bark?

Accepted Answer

Lignin

Question 7

A plant’s ability to continually grow new organs throughout its life is primarily due to the presence of which type of cells?

Accepted Answer

Meristematic cells

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of parenchyma cells?

Accepted Answer

Support of non-elongating tissues

Question 9

Which structure is the ultimate source of all parts of the mature sporophyte in plants?

Accepted Answer

Shoot apical meristem

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of sieve-tube elements in phloem?

Accepted Answer

Transport of sugars and organic compounds

Question 11

A cross-section of a young eudicot stem shows vascular bundles arranged in a ring. Which tissue is found between the vascular bundles and the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Cortex

Question 12

Which of the following is a specialized epidermal cell that regulates gas exchange in plants?

Accepted Answer

Guard cell

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE about the pericycle in roots?

Accepted Answer

It is the origin of lateral roots.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plant cuticle?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating gas exchange

Question 15

Which cell type is most likely to be found in the flesh of a fruit and is capable of dividing and differentiating at maturity?

Accepted Answer

Parenchyma

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of tissues in a typical vascular bundle of a young eudicot stem?

Accepted Answer

Phloem outside, xylem inside

Question 17

Which of the following statements about lignin is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Lignin is a polysaccharide.

Question 18

A plant biologist removes the cellulose from wood, leaving behind a substance used in paper production. What is this substance?

Accepted Answer

Lignin

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world application of sclerenchyma fibers?

Accepted Answer

Making rope and clothing

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why root hairs are important for plant survival?

Accepted Answer

They increase the surface area for water and mineral absorption.

Plant Structure, Cell Types, and Primary Growth: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards