Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the xylem in vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Transport of water and minerals from roots to shoots

Question 2

A plant cell is placed in a solution with a higher solute concentration than its cytoplasm. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will undergo plasmolysis as water leaves

Question 3

Which tissue system in plants is primarily responsible for photosynthesis and short-distance transport?

Accepted Answer

Ground tissue

Question 4

What is the main difference between apoplastic and symplastic transport in plants?

Accepted Answer

Apoplastic transport occurs through cell walls and extracellular spaces, while symplastic transport occurs through the cytosol of living cells

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the root system in vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring the plant and absorbing water and minerals

Question 6

Which of the following statements about sieve-tube elements in phloem is correct?

Accepted Answer

They lack a nucleus and are supported by companion cells

Question 7

A tree ring is an example of which type of plant growth, and which meristem is responsible for it?

Accepted Answer

Secondary growth; lateral meristem

Question 8

Which equation correctly represents water potential ($$\Psi) in $$plant cells?

Accepted Answer

$$\Psi = \Psi_s + \Psi_p$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why tall plants often have a taproot system?

Accepted Answer

Taproots prevent the plant from toppling and allow deep water access

Question 10

Which process is responsible for the bulk movement of water from roots to leaves in tall trees?

Accepted Answer

Transpiration

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of leaves in vascular plants?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring the plant

Question 12

A plant is wilting due to loss of turgor pressure. What is the most immediate solution to restore turgidity?

Accepted Answer

Water the plant to increase water potential in the soil

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of the cork cambium in secondary growth?

Accepted Answer

It replaces the epidermis with periderm, a tougher protective tissue

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the movement of water and minerals in the xylem?

Accepted Answer

It is facilitated by dead, lignified cells forming tubes

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why sieve-tube elements lack a nucleus and most organelles?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate efficient flow of phloem sap

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct comparison between transpiration and translocation?

Accepted Answer

Transpiration occurs in xylem, translocation occurs in phloem

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of initial (stem) cells in plant meristems?

Accepted Answer

They remain unspecialized and divide perpetually

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of root hairs?

Accepted Answer

To increase surface area for absorption of water and minerals

Question 19

Which of the following statements about bulk flow in plants is correct?

Accepted Answer

Bulk flow is driven by pressure differences and is much faster than diffusion

Question 20

A plant's apical bud is removed. What is the most likely effect on the plant's growth?

Accepted Answer

Axillary buds will begin to grow, leading to bushier growth

Plant Structure, Growth, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Study Guide - Practice Questions