Question 1

Based on the diagrams provided, which of the following statements best distinguishes the two types of cells shown?

Accepted Answer

The second cell contains a large central vacuole and a cell wall, while the first cell does not.

Question 2

Which organelle is present in both diagrams and is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 3

In the second diagram, which structure provides rigidity and protection to the cell, and is not found in the first diagram?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the large central vacuole visible in the second diagram?

Accepted Answer

It stores water, nutrients, and waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure.

Question 5

If a cell contains both mitochondria and chloroplasts, which type of cell is it most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 6

Which structure, present in both diagrams, is responsible for the synthesis of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 7

Which of the following is a key difference between the cells shown in the two diagrams?

Accepted Answer

Only the second cell has a cell wall and a large central vacuole.

Question 8

Which structure is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion and is present in both diagrams?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 9

If a mutation prevented the formation of the cell wall in the second cell, what would be the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cell would lose its rigid structure and be more susceptible to osmotic lysis.

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why the first diagram is most likely an animal cell?

Accepted Answer

It lacks a large central vacuole and cell wall.

Principles of Biology: The Biosphere – Study Notes (Weeks 1–11)

Study Guide - Practice Questions