$$\text{Sugar} + O_2$ \rightarrow H_2O + CO_2$ + \text{released energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A tentative explanation for an observation that can be tested and potentially falsified.

Question 2

In a well-designed experiment, which variable is deliberately changed to test its effect?

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a prediction based on a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

If plants require light for growth, then plants grown in the dark will grow less than those grown in the light.

Question 4

What is the main purpose of a control group in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

To provide a baseline for comparison with the experimental group.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about scientific theories is correct?

Accepted Answer

A scientific theory is supported by a large body of evidence and accepted by the majority of scientists.

Question 6

In the context of yeast metabolism, why can't yeast metabolize lactose?

Accepted Answer

Yeast lacks the enzyme lactase needed to break down lactose.

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Sugar} + O_2$ ightarrow H_2O + CO_2$ + 	ext{released energy}$$

Question 8

If an experiment is designed to test the effect of light on plant growth, which is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

Plant growth

Question 9

Why is it important to keep standardized variables constant in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that any observed changes are due solely to the independent variable.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a negative control in an enzyme experiment?

Accepted Answer

A sample where no enzyme is added, expecting no reaction.

Question 11

A student hypothesizes that yeast will produce more gas when metabolizing glucose than lactose. Which prediction follows the correct format?

Accepted Answer

If yeast produces more gas with glucose, then gas pressure will be higher with glucose than with lactose.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the results and conclusions in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

If results do not support the hypothesis, the hypothesis is rejected as disproven.

Question 13

Which process would cause an increase in gas pressure in a sealed chamber containing yeast and sugar?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation (anaerobic metabolism)

Question 14

Why can yeast metabolize sucrose but not lactose?

Accepted Answer

Yeast produces invertase to break down sucrose but lacks lactase for lactose.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Observation → Question → Hypothesis → Prediction → Experiment → Results → Conclusion

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why information in textbooks can be trusted?

Accepted Answer

It has been subjected to the scientific method and peer review.

Question 17

Which of the following is a disaccharide that yeast can metabolize after enzyme action?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 18

What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in yeast?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct formula for fermentation in yeast?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Sugar} ightarrow 	ext{Ethanol} + CO_2$ + 	ext{released energy}$$

Question 20

A student observes that yeast produces gas when grown with glucose but not with lactose. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

Yeast lacks the enzyme to break down lactose.

Scientific Method and Metabolism: Foundations of Biological Inquiry

Study Guide - Practice Questions