Q: What is the correct chemical equation for photosynthesis, using chemical symbols and words?

$$6\ \text{CO}_2 + 6\ \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\ \text{O}_2 ($$Carbon dioxide + water + light energy → glucose + oxygen)

Question 1

Which structure in the chloroplast is the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Thylakoid membrane

Question 2

What is the correct chemical equation for photosynthesis, using chemical symbols and words?

Accepted Answer

$$6\ 	ext{CO}_2 + 6\ 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6\ 	ext{O}_2 ($$Carbon dioxide + water + light energy → glucose + oxygen)

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

They capture solar energy and convert it into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

Question 4

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To convert ATP and NADPH into glucose by fixing carbon dioxide.

Question 5

Which molecules are cycled between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

ATP and NADPH

Question 6

How does chemiosmosis in chloroplasts differ from chemiosmosis in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

In chloroplasts, protons are pumped into the thylakoid space, while in mitochondria, protons are pumped into the intermembrane space.

Question 7

Which enzyme is responsible for carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle and is often called the most important enzyme in the world?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco

Question 8

Why do high oxygen levels inhibit photosynthesis in plants?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen competes with carbon dioxide for Rubisco, leading to photorespiration.

Question 9

What happens during photorespiration, and why is it considered disadvantageous for plants?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco fixes oxygen instead of carbon dioxide, resulting in the loss of ATP and reduced sugar production.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the relationship between absorption spectra and action spectra in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Absorption spectra show the wavelengths of light absorbed by pigments, while action spectra show the wavelengths that drive photosynthesis most efficiently.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a product of the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

NADPH

Question 12

In the linear electron flow of the light reactions, what is the ultimate electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

NADP+

Question 13

Which of the following best describes an autotroph?

Accepted Answer

An organism that produces its own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy.

Question 14

What is the main purpose of ATP synthase in the light-dependent reactions?

Accepted Answer

To use the proton gradient to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of a photosystem?

Accepted Answer

A cluster of pigments and proteins that capture light energy and transfer electrons.

Question 16

During the light-dependent reactions, what is the source of electrons for the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$	ext{H}_2	ext{O})$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a heterotroph?

Accepted Answer

A mushroom

Question 18

Which process is directly responsible for the production of oxygen during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Splitting of water molecules in Photosystem II

Question 19

If a plant is exposed to light of only one wavelength, which spectrum would best predict the rate of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Action spectrum

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of photorespiration in crop plants?

Accepted Answer

Reduced yield due to loss of fixed carbon and energy

Step-by-Step Study Guide for Photosynthesis and Cellular Energetics (AP Biology)

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