$$\text{Surface Area} \propto r^2$, $$\text{Volume} \propto $$r^3$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements is NOT a part of the Cell Theory?

Accepted Answer

Cells can arise spontaneously from non-living matter.

Question 2

Which structure is present in prokaryotic cells but absent in eukaryotic animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 3

Why do cells remain small rather than growing very large?

Accepted Answer

Smaller cells have a higher surface area to volume ratio, allowing efficient exchange of materials.

Question 4

A scientist wants to observe the 3D surface structure of a cell. Which microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Scanning electron microscope

Question 5

Which organelle is responsible for refining, packaging, and shipping macromolecular products in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 6

A cell is observed to have a large number of mitochondria. What can you infer about this cell?

Accepted Answer

It is likely involved in high levels of energy production.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Assembly of amino acids into proteins

Question 8

What is the main function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

To control movement of materials into and out of the cell

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support and anchoring organelles

Question 10

A mutation prevents the formation of microtubules in a cell. Which of the following processes would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Movement of cilia and flagella

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why microvilli are found in cells lining the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

They increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients.

Question 12

Which of the following organelles contains enzymes that break down toxic wastes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Question 13

A cell is unable to digest bacteria it engulfs. Which organelle is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 14

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the path of a protein destined for export from a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome → Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Secretory vesicle → Plasma membrane

Question 16

Which equation best represents the relationship between cell surface area and volume as a cell increases in size?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Surface Area} \propto r^2$, $$	ext{Volume} \propto $$r^3$$

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE about mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

They have their own DNA and ribosomes.

Question 18

A cell with defective smooth endoplasmic reticulum would have difficulty performing which function?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing lipids and some hormones

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of centrioles in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

They participate in the alignment and division of genetic material during cell division.

Question 20

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept that structure reflects function in cells?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells are round and flexible, allowing them to squeeze through capillaries.

Structure and Function of Cells: An Introduction to Cell Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions