$$\text{Volume increases faster than surface area}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements is NOT part of the Cell Theory?

Accepted Answer

All cells contain a nucleus.

Question 2

Which structure is present in eukaryotic cells but absent in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Membrane-bound nucleus

Question 3

Why are cells generally small in size? Choose the BEST explanation.

Accepted Answer

Small cells have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, allowing efficient exchange of materials across the plasma membrane.

Question 4

A scientist wants to study the internal structure of mitochondria at very high magnification. Which microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Transmission electron microscope

Question 5

Which cellular structure is responsible for synthesizing proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Question 6

A cell in the digestive tract has many microvilli. What is the primary advantage of this adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Increased surface area for absorption of nutrients.

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Refining, sorting, and packaging macromolecular products.

Question 8

Which equation best represents the process of cellular respiration in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\,\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\,\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\,\mathrm{H_2O} + \mathrm{ATP}$$

Question 9

Which organelle is primarily involved in the destruction of toxic wastes within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Question 10

A cell is observed to have a rigid cell wall, no membrane-bound organelles, and a nucleoid region. What type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 11

Which structure is essential for cell division and alignment of genetic material?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of cilia?

Accepted Answer

Moving materials along the surface of the cell with a brushing motion.

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE about mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

They have their own DNA and ribosomes.

Question 14

Which cellular structure is responsible for controlling the movement of materials into and out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 15

A cell is observed to have a large number of mitochondria. What can you infer about this cell?

Accepted Answer

It has high energy requirements.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Digesting damaged organelles and cellular debris.

Question 17

Which equation describes the relationship between surface area and volume as a cell increases in size?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Volume increases faster than surface area}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the nuclear pores?

Accepted Answer

They selectively allow materials such as ribosomes, proteins, and RNA to move in and out of the nucleus.

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

It is involved in protein synthesis and is physically connected to the nuclear membrane.

Structure and Function of Cells: Cell Theory, Types, and Organelles

Study Guide - Practice Questions