Question 1

Which of the following statements is NOT a part of the Cell Theory?

Accepted Answer

Cells can spontaneously arise from non-living matter.

Question 2

Which cellular structure is responsible for refining, packaging, and shipping macromolecular products?

Accepted Answer

Golgi Apparatus

Question 3

A scientist observes a cell with a rigid cell wall, no membrane-bound organelles, and a nucleoid region. Which type of cell is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 4

Why are cells generally small in size? Choose the BEST explanation.

Accepted Answer

Smaller cells have a higher surface area to volume ratio, allowing efficient exchange of materials across the plasma membrane.

Question 5

Which microscope would be most appropriate for viewing the 3-dimensional surface of a cell at high magnification?

Accepted Answer

Scanning electron microscope

Question 6

A cell in the human digestive tract has microscopic projections that increase its surface area. What are these structures called?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli

Question 7

Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 8

What is the main function of lysosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Digesting damaged organelles and cellular debris

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE about the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It is surrounded by a double layer of phospholipids.

Question 10

A cell is observed to have many mitochondria. What can you infer about its function?

Accepted Answer

It is likely involved in high energy activities, such as muscle contraction.

Question 11

Which equation best represents the relationship between surface area and volume as a cell increases in size?

Accepted Answer

An eightfold increase in volume results in a fourfold increase in surface area: $$	ext{SA} \propto V$$^{1/2}$$

Question 12

Which structure is responsible for synthesizing proteins in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Question 13

A cell is exposed to a toxin that destroys its peroxisomes. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of toxic wastes in the cell

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Provides structural support and anchors organelles within the cell

Question 15

Which cellular structure is essential for the alignment and division of genetic material during cell division?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Question 16

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of cilia in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Move materials along the surface of the cell with a brushing motion

Question 18

A cell is observed to have a large number of ribosomes attached to its endoplasmic reticulum. What is the primary function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the movement of materials in and out of the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear pores selectively allow materials such as ribosomes, proteins, and RNA to move in and out, but are too small for DNA to leave.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of flagella in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Provide movement for the cell, such as sperm cells

Structure and Function of Cells: Cell Theory, Types, and Organelles

Study Guide - Practice Questions