$$\text{Water moves from}~[\text{low solute}]~\text{to}~[\text{high solute}]$$

Question 1

Which component of the plasma membrane is primarily responsible for increasing its strength and rigidity?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol

Question 2

A signaling molecule binds to a receptor protein embedded in the plasma membrane. What is the most likely immediate result inside the cell?

Accepted Answer

A series of chemical reactions is triggered, leading to the production of a new product.

Question 3

Which type of embedded protein allows free movement of molecules in and out of the cell at all times?

Accepted Answer

Open channel protein

Question 4

Facilitated diffusion is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules across the membrane via a carrier protein that changes shape

Question 5

Which equation best represents the breakdown of ATP during active transport?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i$$

Question 6

Which of the following molecules is most likely to diffuse freely through the plasma membrane's lipid bilayer?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O}_2)$$

Question 7

A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Shrink due to water moving out of the cell

Question 8

Which process is used by cells to move large molecules, such as insulin, into the cell?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 9

What is the primary function of glycoproteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating cell-to-cell recognition and communication

Question 10

During osmosis, water moves:

Accepted Answer

From an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

It uses ATP to move sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.

Question 12

A cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and may burst as water enters the cell.

Question 13

Which method of transport across the plasma membrane requires energy from ATP?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a passive transport method?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 15

A cell needs to export a large quantity of waste products. Which process will it use?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 16

Which equation best describes the relationship between solute concentration and water movement during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Water moves from}~[	ext{low solute}]~	ext{to}~[	ext{high solute}]$$

Question 17

Which property of the plasma membrane allows it to maintain distinct metabolic areas within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Its selective permeability

Question 18

Which scenario best illustrates the function of a gated channel protein?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ions enter the cell only when a specific signal opens the channel.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of facilitated diffusion in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Glucose entering muscle cells

Question 20

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will remain unchanged as water movement is equal in both directions.

Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Study Guide - Practice Questions