Question 1

Which of the following is the correct order of taxonomic ranks from most specific to least specific?

Accepted Answer

Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Domain

Question 2

Which statement best describes binomial nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

It uses two Latinized names, the genus (capitalized) and the species (not capitalized), both italicized or underlined.

Question 3

Which domain contains organisms with cell walls made of peptidoglycan?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 4

A scientist discovers a single-celled organism living in a hot spring. It has no nucleus and its cell wall lacks peptidoglycan. To which domain does it most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of organisms in the domain Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

Cell walls contain peptidoglycan

Question 6

Why is Latin used for scientific names in binomial nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

Because it is a dead language and its meanings do not change over time

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a clade?

Accepted Answer

A group consisting of a common ancestor and all its descendants

Question 8

In a phylogenetic tree, what does a node represent?

Accepted Answer

A speciation event where one lineage splits into two

Question 9

Which of the following statements about phylogenetic trees and cladograms is correct?

Accepted Answer

Phylogenetic tree branch lengths indicate time since speciation, while cladogram branches do not.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a derived trait?

Accepted Answer

Hair in mammals, when compared to their reptilian ancestors

Question 11

A researcher is comparing the evolutionary relationships of several animal species. She includes a lancelet as an outgroup in her analysis. What is the purpose of the outgroup?

Accepted Answer

To help determine which traits are ancestral and which are derived

Question 12

Which of the following is true about Archaea?

Accepted Answer

They often live in extreme environments and do not cause disease in humans.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes an ancestral trait?

Accepted Answer

A trait shared by a larger group due to inheritance from a common ancestor

Question 14

If a scientist abbreviates the scientific name of the lion as 'P. leo', what does the 'P.' stand for?

Accepted Answer

Genus

Question 15

Which of the following kingdoms is NOT found within the domain Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 16

A new organism is discovered. It is multicellular, has a membrane-bound nucleus, and reproduces sexually. To which domain does it most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of binomial nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

$$	extit{Homo sapiens}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why bacteria are important to humans?

Accepted Answer

Some bacteria help us digest food, while others can cause disease.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the Linnaean system is correct?

Accepted Answer

It organizes organisms into hierarchical categories based on shared characteristics.

Taxonomy and Phylogenetics: Classification and Evolutionary Relationships

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