Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of chromosome number in the resulting cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces diploid cells (2n), while meiosis produces haploid cells (n).

Question 2

A scientist observes a cell with highly condensed DNA, visible chromosomes, and the disappearance of the nucleolus. Which phase of mitosis is this cell most likely in?

Accepted Answer

Prophase

Question 3

Which of the following events must occur before a cell can enter mitosis?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication during S phase

Question 4

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the majority of its time?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the mitotic spindle during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

It separates the chromosomes.

Question 6

A cell is observed with chromosomes aligned at the center of the cell, each attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles. Which phase is this?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 7

If a drug prevents the shortening of microtubules during mitosis, which process would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Movement of chromosomes during anaphase

Question 8

Which checkpoint ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle before the cell proceeds with division?

Accepted Answer

M checkpoint

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of tumor-suppressor genes?

Accepted Answer

They inhibit cell division and prevent tumor formation.

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with a tumor that is non-cancerous, encapsulated, and does not spread to other tissues. This tumor is best classified as:

Accepted Answer

Benign

Question 11

Which of the following processes is responsible for the separation of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinesis

Question 12

In plant cells, what structure forms during cytokinesis to separate the two daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell plate

Question 13

Which of the following statements about asexual reproduction is correct?

Accepted Answer

It produces genetically identical offspring.

Question 14

A cell with 40 centromeres at anaphase of mitosis will have how many chromosomes in each daughter cell after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

40

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct sequence of phases in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase – telophase

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of non-kinetochore microtubules during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

They push the poles of the cell further apart.

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world example of a drug that interferes with the mitotic spindle, and what is its effect?

Accepted Answer

Taxol; it prevents microtubule depolymerization, stopping mitosis.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the centrosome during cell division?

Accepted Answer

It organizes the mitotic spindle.

Question 19

A mutation in which type of gene is most likely to result in uncontrolled cell division and cancer?

Accepted Answer

Oncogene

Question 20

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by normal cell growth and function, and not by DNA replication or division?

Accepted Answer

G1 phase

The Cell Cycle: Mechanisms, Regulation, and Cancer

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