$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of dehydration synthesis in the formation of biological macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

It removes water to join monomers into polymers.

Question 2

A molecule with the formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$ is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 3

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

They form the core of all biological membranes.

Question 4

Which of the following is a storage polysaccharide found in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 5

What is the main difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms and no double bonds.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Genetic information storage

Question 7

A peptide bond forms between which two functional groups of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Amino group and carboxyl group

Question 8

Which level of protein structure is primarily determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to break the specific $$\beta-$$glycosidic bonds in cellulose.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

RNA contains thymine instead of uracil.

Question 11

A diet high in trans fats is associated with which of the following health risks?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of chitin in nature?

Accepted Answer

It forms the exoskeleton of arthropods and cell walls of fungi.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid – nucleotide

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why fats yield more energy per gram than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Fats contain more carbon-hydrogen bonds, which store more energy.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It is a precursor for steroid hormones.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in a cell?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life application of denaturation of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Cooking an egg, causing the egg white to solidify

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophobic tails avoid water, while hydrophilic heads interact with water.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the secondary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

It includes alpha helices and beta pleated sheets.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between purines and pyrimidines in nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Purines have two rings, while pyrimidines have a single ring.

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life: Structure and Function of Biological Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions