Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of the skin in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a physical barrier preventing the entry of most pathogens.

Question 2

A patient receives an injection of antibodies after being exposed to rabies. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Passive immunity

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells in adults

Question 4

Which immune cells are responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

B cells

Question 5

What is the main difference between the primary and secondary immune response?

Accepted Answer

The secondary response is faster and stronger due to memory cells.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of interferons?

Accepted Answer

They are proteins released by virus-infected cells to inhibit viral replication.

Question 7

A person with an autoimmune disease such as lupus has a problem with which aspect of their immune system?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown in self-tolerance, attacking their own cells

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

Mast cells release histamine → Capillaries become more permeable → Phagocytes migrate to the area

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why booster shots are necessary for some vaccines?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate memory cells to produce more antibodies and memory cells.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the complement system?

Accepted Answer

To destroy pathogens by forming pores in their membranes

Question 11

A child is exposed to chickenpox and develops the disease, then recovers. Years later, the child is exposed again but does not get sick. Which immune cells are primarily responsible for this protection?

Accepted Answer

Memory B cells

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a nonspecific external barrier?

Accepted Answer

Mucous membranes lining the respiratory tract

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of clonal selection?

Accepted Answer

An antigen activates lymphocytes with matching receptors, causing them to multiply and differentiate.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about monoclonal antibodies is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are produced by fusing tumor cells with mammalian antibody-producing cells.

Question 15

Which of the following is a key difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Adaptive immunity has memory and improves with repeated exposure.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of helper T cells?

Accepted Answer

They communicate with B cells and other T cells to coordinate the immune response.

Question 17

A person is born without the ability to produce functional B cells. Which aspect of their immune response would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity

Question 18

Which of the following is the best explanation for why gastric juice is considered a nonspecific defense?

Accepted Answer

It kills most bacteria that are swallowed, regardless of their identity.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of phagocytes?

Accepted Answer

They engulf and digest pathogens using enzymes.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of active immunity?

Accepted Answer

Getting vaccinated against measles

The Immune System: Defense Mechanisms and Immunity

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