Q: A dehydration reaction is crucial in the synthesis of biological polymers. Which equation correctly represents this process?

$ \text{Monomer}_1 + \text{Monomer}_2 \rightarrow \text{Polymer} + \text{H}_2\text{O} $

Q: Which equation best represents the hydrolysis of a disaccharide?

$ \text{Disaccharide} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Monomer}_1 + \text{Monomer}_2 $

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between monomers and polymers in biological macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

Monomers are small building blocks that join together via dehydration reactions to form polymers.

Question 2

A dehydration reaction is crucial in the synthesis of biological polymers. Which equation correctly represents this process?

Accepted Answer

$ 	ext{Monomer}_1 + 	ext{Monomer}_2 ightarrow 	ext{Polymer} + 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} $

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions

Question 4

Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula $ 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 $. Which property distinguishes glucose from fructose?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is an aldose, while fructose is a ketose.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why cellulose is difficult for humans to digest?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack enzymes that hydrolyze $ \beta $ glycosidic linkages in cellulose.

Question 6

Which structural feature distinguishes saturated fatty acids from unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds and are straight, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds causing bends.

Question 7

Which of the following is a major function of phospholipids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Forming the bilayer structure of cell membranes

Question 8

A protein’s tertiary structure is stabilized by several types of interactions. Which of the following is NOT involved in stabilizing tertiary structure?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bonds

Question 9

Sickle-cell disease is caused by a change in the primary structure of hemoglobin. Which of the following best describes this change?

Accepted Answer

A single amino acid substitution in the $ \beta $ subunit of hemoglobin

Question 10

Which equation best represents the hydrolysis of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$ 	ext{Disaccharide} + 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} ightarrow 	ext{Monomer}_1 + 	ext{Monomer}_2 $

Question 11

Which of the following is a real-life application of chitin?

Accepted Answer

Used to make surgical thread that decomposes after healing

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why trans fats are considered unhealthy?

Accepted Answer

Trans fats contribute more to cardiovascular disease than saturated fats.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

It results from the association of two or more polypeptide chains.

Question 16

Which of the following is a major function of nucleic acids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Storing and transmitting hereditary information

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a storage polysaccharide in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

Two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to glycerol

Question 19

Which of the following is a consequence of protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

The protein becomes biologically inactive.

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

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