Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between tissues, organs, and organ systems in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Tissues are groups of similar cells working together; organs are made of multiple tissue types; organ systems are groups of organs working together for a specific function.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Transmission of electrical impulses

Question 3

A patient with scurvy (vitamin C deficiency) is likely to have problems with which tissue component, and why?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers, because vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why Hematoxylin stains cell nuclei blue?

Accepted Answer

Hematoxylin is a positively charged (basic) dye that binds to negatively charged DNA and RNA in the nucleus.

Question 5

Which of the following is a unique feature of cardiac muscle tissue compared to skeletal and smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

It has spontaneous electrical activity generating spontaneous contraction.

Question 6

A histological section of the small intestine shows cells with numerous microvilli. What is the primary function of these microvilli?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the absorptive surface area

Question 7

Which of the following statements about connective tissue is correct?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue contains cells, fibers (such as collagen and elastin), and ground substance.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of Schwann cells in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They produce the myelin sheath around axons in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct sequence of levels of biological organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Atom → Molecule → Organelle → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, a disease characterized by the loss of myelin sheath. What is the most likely consequence of this loss?

Accepted Answer

Decreased speed of nerve impulse conduction

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why cartilage has a low capacity for regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular, so it lacks a direct blood supply for nutrients and repair.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of brown adipose tissue that distinguishes it from white adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

Heat generation due to special mitochondria

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of gap junctions in muscle and epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

They allow direct communication and passage of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about the sarcomere in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

The sarcomere is the functional unit of contraction, defined as the distance between two Z lines.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why myoglobin is important in muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

It transports oxygen within muscle cells, facilitating aerobic respiration.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of plasma cells found in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of antibodies for immune defense

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete substances onto body surfaces or into body cavities, while endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts are responsible for bone matrix resorption.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

It stores and releases calcium ions necessary for muscle contraction.

Question 20

A patient with a genetic defect in the production of proteoglycans would most likely have problems with which tissue property?

Accepted Answer

Ability of connective tissue to bind water and resist compression

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems: Structure and Function in Multicellular Organisms

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