Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP during active transport?

$$\mathrm{ATP} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between passive and active transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient without energy, while active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient using ATP.

Question 2

Which process is responsible for the movement of oxygen (O$$_2) $$from the lungs into the blood, as shown in the oxygen transport diagram?

Accepted Answer

Simple diffusion

Question 3

A cell is placed in a solution with a lower concentration of solutes than the cytoplasm. What will most likely happen to the cell due to osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water will move into the cell, causing it to swell.

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP during active transport?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It requires ATP.

Question 6

The sodium-potassium pump is an example of which type of membrane transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why glucose requires facilitated diffusion to enter most cells?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is a large, polar molecule that cannot easily cross the lipid bilayer.

Question 8

Which process is illustrated when a white blood cell engulfs a bacterium by surrounding it with its membrane?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 9

A plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will leave the cell, causing it to plasmolyze.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about bulk transport is correct?

Accepted Answer

Bulk transport involves vesicles and requires ATP.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure exerted by water molecules as they move across a semi-permeable membrane.

Question 12

Which of the following scenarios is an example of exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A nerve cell releasing neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.

Question 13

Which of the following is true about the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

It requires ATP to function.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why ions such as Na$$^+$$ and K$$^+$$ cannot cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

They are charged and cannot pass through the hydrophobic lipid bilayer.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events for active transport via a carrier protein?

Accepted Answer

Molecule binds to carrier protein → ATP is hydrolyzed → Protein changes shape → Molecule moves against gradient → Protein returns to original shape

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a process that does NOT require cellular energy?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 17

A cell needs to import a large protein molecule. Which transport mechanism will it most likely use?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Glucose entering a muscle cell through a membrane protein.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about equilibrium in passive transport is correct?

Accepted Answer

There is no net movement of molecules across the membrane at equilibrium.

Transport Across Cell Membranes: Passive and Active Mechanisms

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