Question 1

Which inheritance pattern is demonstrated when the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes, as seen in the cross between red (RR) and white (WW) carnations producing pink (RW) offspring?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete dominance

Question 2

A man with genotype $I^A i$ (Type A blood) and a woman with genotype $I^B i$ (Type B blood) have a child. What is the probability that their child will have Type O blood?

Accepted Answer

$0.25$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

A single gene affects multiple phenotypic traits

Question 4

In roan cattle, both red and white hairs are present in the heterozygote. What type of inheritance is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Codominance

Question 5

A woman who is a carrier for color deficiency ($X^N X^n$) has a child with a man who has normal color vision ($X^N Y$). What is the probability that their son will be color deficient?

Accepted Answer

$0.25$

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Human skin color

Question 7

If a gene is located on the X chromosome and is recessive, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

It is more likely to affect males than females

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why linked genes do not follow Mendel’s law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

They are located close together on the same chromosome

Question 9

A cross between two pink snapdragons ($RW 	imes RW$) produces offspring in the ratio 1 red : 2 pink : 1 white. What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$1\ RR : 2\ RW : 1\ WW$

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios is an example of environmental influence on phenotype?

Accepted Answer

A sea turtle’s sex determined by the temperature at which its egg develops

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the chromosome theory of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Genes occupy specific loci on chromosomes, and chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment during meiosis

Question 12

A woman without Rickett’s disease (X-linked dominant, $dd$) marries a man with Rickett’s ($XdY$). What is the probability that their daughter will have Rickett’s?

Accepted Answer

$100\%$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of codominance?

Accepted Answer

The heterozygote shows an intermediate phenotype

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of epistasis?

Accepted Answer

A gene that prevents pigment formation, masking the effect of other fur color genes in cats

Question 15

A person with genotype $AaBbcc$ would be phenotypically indistinguishable from which of the following individuals?

Accepted Answer

$AAbbcc$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why only females can be carriers for X-linked recessive disorders?

Accepted Answer

Females have two X chromosomes, so they can have one normal and one mutant allele

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world example of pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell disease affecting red blood cells, spleen, and other organs

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Phenotype is a result of both genotype and environmental factors

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a trait influenced by both polygenic inheritance and environmental factors?

Accepted Answer

Human skin color

Question 20

If a gene is located at a specific position on a chromosome, what is this position called?

Accepted Answer

Locus

Variations in Mendel’s Laws: Patterns of Inheritance and Genetic Diversity

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