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Curve Sketching definitions

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  • Domain

    Set of all possible input values for which a function is defined, often spanning from negative to positive infinity for polynomials.
  • X-intercept

    Point where a graph crosses the horizontal axis, found by setting the function equal to zero and solving for the variable.
  • Y-intercept

    Point where a graph crosses the vertical axis, determined by evaluating the function at zero.
  • Asymptote

    Line that a graph approaches but never touches; absent in basic polynomial graphs.
  • Symmetry

    Property describing whether a graph mirrors across an axis or the origin, checked by substituting negative inputs.
  • First Derivative

    Expression indicating the rate of change of a function, used to identify intervals of increase or decrease.
  • Critical Point

    Location where the first derivative equals zero or is undefined, marking potential extrema or inflection.
  • Sign Chart

    Table or diagram used to organize intervals and test values to determine where a function increases or decreases.
  • Second Derivative

    Expression describing the curvature of a function, revealing concavity and possible inflection points.
  • Concavity

    Shape characteristic of a graph, indicating whether it bends upward like a smile or downward like a frown.
  • Inflection Point

    Location where a graph changes concavity, found where the second derivative equals zero or is undefined.
  • Local Maximum

    Peak point on a graph where the function changes from increasing to decreasing, identified via derivative sign change.
  • Local Minimum

    Valley point on a graph where the function changes from decreasing to increasing, marked by a derivative sign change.
  • First Derivative Test

    Method using sign changes of the first derivative around critical points to classify extrema.
  • Factoring

    Process of rewriting a polynomial as a product of simpler expressions, aiding in finding intercepts and critical points.