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Cell Culture definitions

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  • Cell Culture
    Laboratory technique for growing cells outside their natural environment, enabling controlled study of cellular processes.
  • Primary Culture
    Population of cells freshly isolated from tissue, often short-lived due to harsh extraction and adaptation challenges.
  • Secondary Culture
    Cells derived from previously cultured cells, allowing for extended growth and easier maintenance compared to initial isolates.
  • Cell Line
    Genetically stable population capable of indefinite division, often originating from cancer or modified cells, and stored for future use.
  • Extracellular Matrix
    Complex network surrounding cells in tissues, often mimicked in lab environments to support cell attachment and growth.
  • Media
    Nutrient-rich solution providing essential factors for cell survival, growth, and division in laboratory cultures.
  • In Vitro
    Experimental approach conducted outside a living organism, typically in plastic dishes or tubes, focusing on isolated cells.
  • In Vivo
    Research context involving living cells, sometimes debated in cell culture, but traditionally refers to whole organisms.
  • Genetic Modification
    Alteration of cellular DNA to enable traits like indefinite division, commonly used to establish stable cell lines.
  • Staining
    Technique for coloring cellular components, such as nuclei, to enhance visibility under a microscope.
  • Gas Exchange
    Process of supplying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide, essential for maintaining cell viability in culture.
  • Body Temperature
    Optimal thermal condition, typically around 37°C, required for proper cellular function and division in culture.
  • Tumor
    Mass formed by uncontrolled cell division, often resulting when certain cultured cells are introduced into animals.
  • Cryopreservation
    Long-term storage method using extremely low temperatures, such as liquid nitrogen, to maintain cell viability for years.
  • Transparency
    Characteristic of cultured cells appearing nearly invisible under a microscope unless enhanced by specific dyes.