Question 1

Which experimental result from J.J. Thomson's cathode ray tube (CRT) experiment provided evidence that electrons are negatively charged particles?

Accepted Answer

Cathode rays were deflected toward the positive plate in an electric field.

Question 2

In Rutherford's gold foil experiment, most alpha particles passed straight through the foil. What did this observation suggest about the structure of the atom?

Accepted Answer

Atoms are mostly empty space with a small, dense nucleus.

Question 3

Which equation correctly relates the speed of light ($c$), wavelength ($\lambda$), and frequency ($
u$) of electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

$c = \lambda 
u$

Question 4

A blue light has a wavelength of 440 nm. What is its frequency? ($c = 2.998 	imes 10^8$ m/s)

Accepted Answer

$6.82 	imes 10^{14}$ Hz

Question 5

Which statement best explains the photoelectric effect as described by Einstein's particle theory of light?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are emitted when the frequency of light exceeds a threshold value, regardless of intensity.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between a continuous spectrum and a line spectrum?

Accepted Answer

A continuous spectrum contains all wavelengths, while a line spectrum contains only discrete wavelengths.

Question 7

In the mass spectrometer experiment, what property of ions is measured to produce a mass spectrum?

Accepted Answer

The mass-to-charge ratio ($m/q$)

Question 8

Which of the following correctly lists the relative masses and charges of the three subatomic particles: electron, proton, and neutron?

Accepted Answer

Electron: mass = 1, charge = -1; Proton: mass = 1836, charge = +1; Neutron: mass = 1839, charge = 0

Question 9

Which experiment led to the determination of the charge of the electron?

Accepted Answer

Millikan's oil drop experiment

Question 10

If an FM radio station broadcasts at a frequency of 99.1 MHz, what is the wavelength of these radio waves in meters? ($c = 2.998 	imes 10^8$ m/s)

Accepted Answer

$3.03$ m

Question 11

Which observation from Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment contradicted the plum pudding model of the atom?

Accepted Answer

Some alpha particles were deflected at large angles.

Question 12

Which property of electromagnetic waves increases as wavelength decreases?

Accepted Answer

Frequency

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the atomic emission spectrum?

Accepted Answer

It consists of discrete lines produced when excited atoms emit light.

Question 14

Which statement about the dual nature of light is supported by the photoelectric effect?

Accepted Answer

Light exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct conclusion from Thomson's CRT experiment?

Accepted Answer

Cathode rays are fundamental particles present in all atoms.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the atomic absorption spectrum consists of discrete lines?

Accepted Answer

Electrons absorb energy only at specific wavelengths corresponding to energy level transitions.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a property of cathode rays observed in Thomson's experiment?

Accepted Answer

They are composed of neutral particles.

Question 18

Which equation would you use to calculate the energy of a photon given its frequency ($
u$)?

Accepted Answer

$E = h 
u$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the result of the mass spectrometer experiment?

Accepted Answer

It produces a spectrum based on the mass-to-charge ratio of ions.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world application of the photoelectric effect?

Accepted Answer

Solar panels converting light into electricity.

Atomic Structure and Electromagnetic Radiation: Foundations of Modern Chemistry

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