Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between an isotope and an ion of an element?

Accepted Answer

An isotope has a different number of neutrons, while an ion has a different number of electrons.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct isotope notation for a carbon atom with 7 neutrons?

Accepted Answer

$^{13}_{6}\mathrm{C}$

Question 3

A neutral atom of magnesium has an atomic number of 12 and a mass number of 24. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it contain?

Accepted Answer

12 protons, 12 neutrons, 12 electrons

Question 4

Which of the following compounds is an example of an ionic compound?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{NaCl}$

Question 5

What is the empirical formula for glucose, $\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6$?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{CH}_2\mathrm{O}$

Question 6

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with neon ($\mathrm{Ne}$)?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{F}^-$

Question 7

A sample contains $70\%$ $^{35}\mathrm{Cl}$ and $30\%$ $^{37}\mathrm{Cl}$. What is the average atomic mass of chlorine? ($^{35}\mathrm{Cl}$: 34.97 amu, $^{37}\mathrm{Cl}$: 36.97 amu)

Accepted Answer

$35.47$ amu

Question 8

Which of the following correctly names the compound $\mathrm{Fe}_2\mathrm{O}_3$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) oxide

Question 9

Which of the following elements is a halogen?

Accepted Answer

Chlorine ($\mathrm{Cl}$)

Question 10

Which of the following formulas represents a molecular compound?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{SO}_2$

Question 11

A patient is given a saline solution containing $0.9\%$ $\mathrm{NaCl}$ by mass. Which type of compound is $\mathrm{NaCl}$ and what type of bonding does it exhibit?

Accepted Answer

Ionic compound; ionic bonding

Question 12

Which of the following ions would have the electron configuration $1s^2 2s^2 2p^6$?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{O}^{2-}$

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct name for $\mathrm{N}_2\mathrm{O}_5$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen pentoxide

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the periodic table is correct?

Accepted Answer

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

Question 15

A certain element has two naturally occurring isotopes: $^{10}\mathrm{B}$ (19.9%, 10.01 amu) and $^{11}\mathrm{B}$ (80.1%, 11.01 amu). What is the average atomic mass of boron?

Accepted Answer

$10.81$ amu

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for aluminum sulfate?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Al}_2(\mathrm{SO}_4)_3$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the charge and composition of a sulfate ion?

Accepted Answer

Charge: $2-$; Composition: $1$ sulfur, $4$ oxygen

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for $\mathrm{K}_2\mathrm{CO}_3$?

Accepted Answer

Potassium carbonate

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true regarding empirical and molecular formulas?

Accepted Answer

The empirical formula is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.

Question 20

A compound contains $40.0\%$ carbon, $6.7\%$ hydrogen, and $53.3\%$ oxygen by mass. What is its empirical formula?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{CH}_2\mathrm{O}$

Atomic Structure, Chemical Compounds, and Nomenclature: Study Notes

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