Question 1

Which of the following best describes the general formula for a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n}O_n$$

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the difference between D- and L- monosaccharides is correct?

Accepted Answer

D- and L- forms differ in the configuration at the penultimate carbon atom.

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to hydrolyze $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bonds in cellulose.

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct structure for a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CONH}$$

Question 5

A triglyceride is formed from which of the following components?

Accepted Answer

One glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

Amylose is a linear polymer of glucose, while amylopectin is branched.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct statement about the secondary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

It is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions.

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of unsaturated fatty acids compared to saturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

They have one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon chains.

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why soap is effective at cleaning greasy surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Soap molecules form micelles that trap non-polar grease in their hydrophobic centers.

Question 11

Which of the following amino acids contains a sulfur atom in its side chain?

Accepted Answer

Cysteine

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The arrangement of multiple polypeptide subunits in a protein complex.

Question 13

Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between an aldose and a ketose?

Accepted Answer

An aldose contains an aldehyde group, while a ketose contains a ketone group.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about lactose intolerance is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme lactase, which hydrolyzes lactose.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of disulfide bonds in proteins?

Accepted Answer

They stabilize the tertiary and quaternary structure by forming covalent links between cysteine residues.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct product of the hydrolysis of maltose?

Accepted Answer

Two molecules of glucose

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between a micelle and a bilayer?

Accepted Answer

A micelle is a spherical structure with hydrophobic tails inward, while a bilayer is a double-layered sheet.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why saturated fats have higher melting points than unsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have straight chains that pack closely together, increasing van der Waals forces.

Biochemistry: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Amino Acids, and Proteins

Study Guide - Practice Questions