Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between bond dissociation energy (D) and the strength of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A higher bond dissociation energy indicates a stronger covalent bond.

Question 2

Which of the following best explains why the bond in HCl is considered polar covalent?

Accepted Answer

The bond is between two nonmetals with different electronegativities, resulting in unequal sharing of electrons.

Question 3

Which of the following compounds contains a nonpolar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

H2

Question 4

Given the following electronegativities: H = 2.1, Cl = 3.0, O = 3.5, which bond is the most polar?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{H-O}$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve eight electrons in their valence shell.

Question 6

Which of the following molecules contains a coordinate covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{NH_4^+}$

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct statement about resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

The actual structure of a molecule is a hybrid of all valid resonance structures.

Question 8

Which of the following molecules violates the octet rule by having fewer than eight electrons around the central atom?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{BF_3}$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why $\mathrm{CO_2}$ is a nonpolar molecule, even though it contains polar bonds?

Accepted Answer

The molecule is linear, and the bond dipoles cancel each other out.

Question 10

Which of the following is the best Lewis structure for the nitrate ion, $\mathrm{NO_3^-}$?

Accepted Answer

A resonance hybrid of three structures, each with one N=O double bond and two N–O single bonds, with the negative charge delocalized over the three oxygens.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a typical property of ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

They are malleable and ductile.

Question 12

Which of the following intermolecular forces is the strongest?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 13

Which of the following molecules has a dipole moment?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{H_2O}$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a triple bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by sharing three pairs of electrons between two atoms.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about exceptions to the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Elements in group 13, such as boron, often have fewer than eight electrons.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why $\mathrm{SF_6}$ can have more than eight electrons around the central atom?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur is in period 3 and can use d orbitals to expand its valence shell.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order of bond strength from weakest to strongest?

Accepted Answer

Single bond < double bond < triple bond

Question 18

A molecule has the following resonance structures. Which criteria should be used to determine the most important resonance contributor?

Accepted Answer

The structure with the most atoms having formal charges closest to zero.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a coordinate covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond in which both electrons are donated by the same atom.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why water ($\mathrm{H_2O}$) has a higher boiling point than methane ($\mathrm{CH_4}$)?

Accepted Answer

Water forms hydrogen bonds, which are stronger than the London dispersion forces in methane.

Bonding, Electronegativity, and Resonance: Key Concepts in General Chemistry

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