Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the vapor pressure of a solution using Raoult’s Law?

$P_{solution} = X_{solvent} \times P_{solvent}$

Question 1

Which type of intermolecular force is the major force in solutions of ionic compounds dissolved in polar solvents?

Accepted Answer

Ion-dipole

Question 2

A solution is prepared by dissolving 24.8 g of sucrose ($C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}$) in 550.0 g of water. What is the molality of the solution? (Molar mass of sucrose = 342.3 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$0.132\ \mathrm{m}$

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why $CH_3OH$ (methanol) and $CH_3CH_2OH$ (ethanol) are miscible in each other?

Accepted Answer

Both are polar and can form hydrogen bonds with each other.

Question 4

Based on the solubility data for $N_2$ and $O_2$ in water, what is the most likely solubility value of $F_2$ in water?

Accepted Answer

$0.01\ \mathrm{mM}$

Question 5

Which of the following solutions is supersaturated?

Accepted Answer

A solution containing more solute than the equilibrium concentration.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a semipermeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Allows only solvent molecules and small molecules to pass through.

Question 7

In the diagram showing two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane, with more solute particles on the left (Solution A) than the right (Solution B), in which direction will water flow?

Accepted Answer

From Solution B to Solution A

Question 8

Which of the following U-tube diagrams best represents the result after osmosis if the left side contains a more concentrated solution than the right side?

Accepted Answer

A. The left side rises, right side falls

Question 9

A red blood cell is placed in a solution with a lower solute concentration than inside the cell. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and possibly burst (hemolysis).

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the effect of adding a nonvolatile solute to a pure solvent on its vapor pressure?

Accepted Answer

The vapor pressure of the solution is lower than that of the pure solvent.

Question 11

Which of the following compounds will have the largest Van’t Hoff factor ($i$) when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

$AlCl_3$

Question 12

A solution is prepared by dissolving 13.12 g of $AlCl_3$ in 615 g of water. What is the new boiling point of the solution? ($K_b$ for water = $0.51\ ^\circ C/m$, $M_{AlCl_3} = 133.34\ g/mol$)

Accepted Answer

$100.33\ ^\circ C$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the direction of osmosis when a red blood cell is placed in pure water?

Accepted Answer

Water moves into the cell because the osmotic pressure is greater in the cell.

Question 14

Which of the following solutions will have the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

$0.25\ M$ NH_4NO_3$

Question 15

What is the osmotic pressure (in atm) of a $0.25\ M$ NaCl solution at $25^\circ C$? ($R = 0.08206\ L\cdot atm/(mol\cdot K)$, $i = 2$ for NaCl)

Accepted Answer

$12.2\ atm$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a hypertonic solution relative to a red blood cell?

Accepted Answer

Higher solute concentration outside the cell; water leaves the cell.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the vapor pressure of a solution using Raoult’s Law?

Accepted Answer

$P_{solution} = X_{solvent} 	imes P_{solvent}$

Question 18

A solution is prepared by dissolving 51.0 g of KBr in 310 mL of water. What is the mass percent of KBr in the solution? (Assume density of water is $1.00\ g/mL$)

Accepted Answer

$14.1\%$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of increasing temperature on the solubility of a gas in water?

Accepted Answer

The solubility of the gas decreases.

Ch.13 - Solutions: Properties, Concentrations, and Colligative Effects

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