Q: What is the osmotic pressure ($$\Pi) in $$atm of a 0.25 M NaCl solution at 25$$^\circC$$? ($$R = 0.08206 L$$·atm·mol$$^{-1}$$·K$$^{-1}$$, $$i = 2$$ for NaCl)

$$\Pi = 0.25 \times 2 \times 0.08206 \times 298 = 12.23$$ atm

Question 1

Which type of intermolecular force is the major force in solutions of ionic compounds dissolved in polar solvents?

Accepted Answer

Ion-dipole

Question 2

Based on the solubility data for N$$_2 (0.6 mM) $$and O$$_2 (1.2 mM) in $$water, what is the most likely solubility of F$$_2 in $$water?

Accepted Answer

0.01 mM

Question 3

A solution is prepared by dissolving 43.0 g of KClO$$_3 in $$enough water to make 100.0 mL of solution. If the density of the solution is 1.76 g/mL, what is the molality of KClO$$_3 in $$the solution? (Molar mass KClO$$_3 = 122.55 g/$$mol)

Accepted Answer

2.64 m

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a supersaturated solution?

Accepted Answer

Contains more solute than the equilibrium concentration

Question 5

Which intermolecular force is primarily responsible for the solubility of methanol (CH$$_3OH) in $$ethanol (CH$$_3CH$_2OH$$)?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 6

A solution contains 24.8 g of sucrose (C$$_{12}H$_{22}O$_{11}) $$dissolved in 550.0 g of water. What is the molality of the solution? (Molar mass of sucrose = 342.30 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$m = \frac{0.0725}{0.550} = 0.132 m$$

Question 7

Which of the following compounds will have the largest Van’t Hoff factor ($$i) $$when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

AlCl$$_3$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the direction of water flow across a semipermeable membrane separating Solution A (higher solute concentration) and Solution B (lower solute concentration)?

Accepted Answer

Water will flow from Solution B to Solution A

Question 9

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and possibly burst (hemolysis)

Question 10

Which of the following solutions is isotonic to blood?

Accepted Answer

A solution with the same osmotic pressure as blood

Question 11

What is the osmotic pressure ($$\Pi) in $$atm of a 0.25 M NaCl solution at 25$$^\circC$$? ($$R = 0.08206 L$$·atm·mol$$^{-1}$$·K$$^{-1}$$, $$i = 2$$ for NaCl)

Accepted Answer

$$\Pi = 0.25 	imes 2 	imes 0.08206 	imes 298 = 12.23$$ atm

Question 12

Which of the following will have the highest boiling point elevation?

Accepted Answer

0.25 M NH$$_4NO$_3$$

Question 13

A solution is prepared by dissolving 13.12 g of AlCl$$_3 in 615 g of $$water. What is the new boiling point of water? ($$K_b = 0.51$$ $$^\circC/m$$, Molar mass AlCl$$_3 = 133.34 g/$$mol, $$i = 4)$$

Accepted Answer

100.33 $$^\circC$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effect of adding a nonvolatile solute to a pure solvent?

Accepted Answer

The boiling point increases and the freezing point decreases

Question 15

What is the vapor pressure lowering ($$\Delta P) $$for a 1.32 m C$$_6H$_{12}O$_6$$ solution at 25$$^\circC$$? (Vapor pressure of pure water at 25$$^\circC is 23.8 $$torr, assume $$i = 1)$$

Accepted Answer

0.976 torr

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of water from low to high solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane

Question 17

A solution is prepared by dissolving 51.0 g of KBr in 310 mL of water. What is the mass percent of KBr in the solution? (Assume density of water = 1.00 g/mL)

Accepted Answer

14.1%

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a semipermeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Allows only solvent and small molecules to pass

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding the solubility of gases and solids in water as temperature increases?

Accepted Answer

Solubility of gases decreases, solubility of solids increases

Ch.13 - Solutions: Solubility, Concentration, and Colligative Properties

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