Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A law is a brief statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones, while a theory provides the underlying reasons for those observations.

Question 2

A sample of gasoline burns in air. Which of the following statements correctly identifies the type of change and explains why?

Accepted Answer

It is a chemical change because the gasoline reacts with oxygen to form new substances.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of an intensive property?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 4

A student measures the mass of a lead block three times and gets values of 9.98 g, 10.01 g, and 10.02 g. The true mass is 10.00 g. Which statement best describes the accuracy and precision of the measurements?

Accepted Answer

The measurements are both accurate and precise.

Question 5

Which of the following substances is a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Air

Question 6

A 500 mL bottle of water is filled with pure water. Which classification best describes the contents of the bottle?

Accepted Answer

Compound

Question 7

Which of the following is a physical property of ethanol?

Accepted Answer

Boiling point

Question 8

Convert 2554 mg to kg. Use the correct number of significant figures.

Accepted Answer

$$2.554 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$ kg

Question 9

A car travels at 75 miles per hour. What is this speed in meters per second? (1 mile = 1609 m, 1 hour = 3600 s)

Accepted Answer

$$33 m/s$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why diamond and graphite, both made of carbon, have such different properties?

Accepted Answer

The arrangement of carbon atoms is different in each substance.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct formula for density?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{m}{V}$$

Question 12

A sample of fuel has a density of $$0.768 g/cm$^3$$ and a volume of $$173,231 L. $$What is its mass in kilograms? (1 L = 1000 mL, 1 mL = 1 cm$$^3)$$

Accepted Answer

$$1.33 	imes 10^5$ kg

Question 13

Which of the following is a chemical property of iron?

Accepted Answer

Ability to rust

Question 14

Which of the following statements about energy is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but the total amount remains constant.

Question 15

A thermometer reads $$25.0^{\circ}C. $$What is this temperature in Kelvin?

Accepted Answer

$$298.2 K$$

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Wet sand

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct rule for determining the number of significant figures in the number $$0.00478$$?

Accepted Answer

Only nonzero digits and zeros between nonzero digits are significant.

Question 18

A cyclist rides at an average speed of $$18 mi/hr. If $$she wants to bike $$212 km$$, how long (in hours) must she ride? ($$1 km$$ = $$0.6214 mi)$$

Accepted Answer

$$7.32 hr$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a physical change?

Accepted Answer

Water boiling to form steam

Chapter 1: Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving – Comprehensive Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards