Law of conservation of mass: $\text{In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed.}$

$\frac{1 \text{ in}}{2.54 \text{ cm}}$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best summarizes the central goal of chemistry?

Accepted Answer

To understand the behavior of matter by studying the behavior of atoms and molecules.

Question 2

Graphite and diamond are both made of carbon. What accounts for their different properties?

Accepted Answer

The arrangement of carbon atoms in each substance.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a scientific law?

Accepted Answer

Law of conservation of mass: $	ext{In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed.}$

Question 4

A student observes that the mass of a closed container does not change during combustion. What is the next logical step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Formulate a hypothesis to explain the observation.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A tentative explanation for an observation that is falsifiable.

Question 6

Which of the following is a pure substance?

Accepted Answer

Helium gas

Question 7

Which separation technique would be most appropriate for separating a mixture of sand and water?

Accepted Answer

Decanting

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Rusting of iron

Question 9

Which property is intensive?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 10

A sample of copper is heated from room temperature to $95^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$. What happens to its density?

Accepted Answer

The sample expands.

Question 11

Which temperature scale has no negative values?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Question 12

Which prefix multiplier is most appropriate for reporting a measurement of $5.57 	imes 10^{-6} \mathrm{m}$?

Accepted Answer

micro

Question 13

Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Sweetened tea

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct SI base unit for mass?

Accepted Answer

Kilogram (kg)

Question 15

A measurement is recorded as $0.00450$ g. How many significant figures does it have?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between accuracy and precision?

Accepted Answer

Accuracy is how close measurements are to the true value; precision is how close measurements are to each other.

Question 17

Which of the following is a derived unit in the SI system?

Accepted Answer

Liter (L)

Question 18

Which of the following is a physical property?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 19

Which of the following best describes chemical energy?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy

Question 20

A student needs to convert $2.54 	ext{ cm}$ to inches using dimensional analysis. Which conversion factor should they use?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{1 	ext{ in}}{2.54 	ext{ cm}}$

Chapter 1: Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions