Q: Which of the following is a correct expression for the vapor pressure lowering ($\Delta P$) of a solution according to Raoult’s Law?

$\Delta P = P^*_\text{solvent} \times X_\text{solute}$

Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the mole fraction of solute in a solution?

$X_\text{solute} = \dfrac{n_\text{solute}}{n_\text{solute} + n_\text{solvent}}$

Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating percent by mass of a solute in a solution?

$\%\ \text{by mass} = \dfrac{\text{mass of solute}}{\text{mass of solution}} \times 100$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the type of crystalline solid formed by NaCl?

Accepted Answer

Ionic solid

Question 2

A face-centered cubic (FCC) unit cell contains how many particles per unit cell?

Accepted Answer

$4$

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the effect of temperature on solubility is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solubility of most solids in water increases with increasing temperature.

Question 4

Calculate the density of a face-centered cubic unit cell of silver (Ag) if the edge length is $4.09\ 	ext{\AA}$ and the molar mass is $107.87\ 	ext{g/mol}$. (Avogadro’s number $= 6.022 	imes 10^{23}\ 	ext{mol}^{-1}$)

Accepted Answer

$10.5\ 	ext{g/cm}^3$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why NaCl has a much higher melting point than H$_2$O?

Accepted Answer

NaCl is an ionic solid with strong electrostatic forces between ions.

Question 6

A solution is prepared by dissolving $10.0\ 	ext{g}$ of NaCl (molar mass $= 58.44\ 	ext{g/mol}$) in $100.0\ 	ext{g}$ of water. What is the molality of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$1.71\ 	ext{mol/kg}$

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct expression for the vapor pressure lowering ($\Delta P$) of a solution according to Raoult’s Law?

Accepted Answer

$\Delta P = P^*_	ext{solvent} 	imes X_	ext{solute}$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes addition polymerization?

Accepted Answer

Monomers join together without the loss of any small molecules.

Question 9

A $0.20\ 	ext{mol/L}$ solution of glucose ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) is separated from pure water by a semipermeable membrane. What is the osmotic pressure at $25^\circ	ext{C}$? ($R = 0.0821\ 	ext{L} \cdot 	ext{atm} / 	ext{mol} \cdot 	ext{K}$)

Accepted Answer

$0.49\ 	ext{atm}$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why the boiling point of a solution is higher than that of the pure solvent?

Accepted Answer

The solute lowers the vapor pressure, requiring a higher temperature to boil.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the mole fraction of solute in a solution?

Accepted Answer

$X_	ext{solute} = \dfrac{n_	ext{solute}}{n_	ext{solute} + n_	ext{solvent}}$

Question 12

Which of the following substances is most likely to be soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

NaNO$_3$

Question 13

A solution is made by dissolving $5.00\ 	ext{g}$ of KBr (molar mass $= 119.0\ 	ext{g/mol}$) in enough water to make $250.0\ 	ext{mL}$ of solution. What is the molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$0.168\ 	ext{M}$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the energetics of solution formation?

Accepted Answer

Solution formation involves both endothermic and exothermic steps.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct relationship for freezing point depression?

Accepted Answer

$\Delta T_f = K_f \cdot m$

Question 16

Which of the following is a property of atomic (metallic) solids?

Accepted Answer

They conduct electricity in the solid state.

Question 17

A sample of gas is dissolved in water at $25^\circ	ext{C}$ under a partial pressure of $2.0\ 	ext{atm}$. If the partial pressure is reduced to $1.0\ 	ext{atm}$, what happens to the solubility of the gas?

Accepted Answer

It halves.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why ionic solids like NaCl are brittle?

Accepted Answer

Shifting layers bring like charges together, causing repulsion.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating percent by mass of a solute in a solution?

Accepted Answer

$\%\ 	ext{by mass} = \dfrac{	ext{mass of solute}}{	ext{mass of solution}} 	imes 100$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the effect of increasing pressure on the solubility of a gas in a liquid?

Accepted Answer

The solubility increases.

Chapter 13 & 14 Study Guide: Solids, Solutions, and Colligative Properties

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards