Question 1

Which of the following best describes a solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture of two or more pure substances.

Question 2

Which process is favored by an increase in entropy?

Accepted Answer

Mixing of gases to form a solution.

Question 3

Which of the following interactions must be overcome to make a solution?

Accepted Answer

Both solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about saturated solutions is correct?

Accepted Answer

A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why hexane and water are immiscible?

Accepted Answer

Hexane is nonpolar and water is polar.

Question 6

Which of the following vitamins must be included in the daily diet because it is water-soluble?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 7

According to Henry's Law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is:

Accepted Answer

Directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the solution.

Question 8

Which of the following units of concentration is defined as moles of solute per kilogram of solvent?

Accepted Answer

Molality

Question 9

A solution is prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl in 100.0 g of water. What is the mass percentage of NaCl in the solution? $$	ext{Mass \%} = \frac{	ext{mass of component in soln}}{	ext{total mass of soln}} 	imes 100$$

Accepted Answer

$$9.09\%$$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about colligative properties is true?

Accepted Answer

They depend only on the quantity of solute particles.

Question 11

A solution is made by dissolving $$0.5$$ mol of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$) in 1.0$ kg of water. What is the molality of the solution? $$	ext{Molality} = \frac{	ext{moles of solute}}{	ext{kilograms of solvent}}$$

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\, m$$

Question 12

Which of the following will increase the solubility of a gas in water?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the temperature.

Question 13

Which equation correctly expresses Raoult's Law for the vapor pressure of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$P_{solution} = X_{solvent} P^0$_{solvent}$$

Question 14

A $$0.1\, m$$ aqueous solution of NaCl will have a higher boiling point than a $$0.1\, m$$ solution of glucose because:

Accepted Answer

NaCl dissociates into more particles in solution.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of solvent from low to high solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

Question 16

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will burst due to hemolysis.

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of colloids?

Accepted Answer

They exhibit the Tyndall effect.

Question 18

Calculate the mole fraction of ethanol in a solution made by dissolving $$23.0 g of $$ethanol ($$C_2H_5OH$$, molar mass $$46.0 g/$$mol) in $$100.0 g of $$water (molar mass $$18.0 g/$$mol). $$	ext{Mole fraction} = \frac{	ext{moles of component}}{	ext{total moles of all components}}$$

Accepted Answer

$$0.084$$

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why adding a 'seed crystal' to a supersaturated solution causes crystallization?

Accepted Answer

It provides a surface for solute particles to aggregate and form crystals.

Chapter 13: Properties of Solutions – General Chemistry Study Notes

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