Q: The electrostatic potential energy $E_{el}$ between two ions is given by $E_{el} = 2.31 \times 10^{-19} \ J \cdot nm \left( \frac{Q_1 \times Q_2}{d} \right)$. If $Q_1 = +1$, $Q_2 = -1$, and $d = 0.2 \ nm$, what is the value of $E_{el}$?

$E_{el} = -1.155 \times 10^{-18} \ J$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference in electron distribution between ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds?

Accepted Answer

In ionic bonds, electrons are transferred; in covalent bonds, electrons are shared; in metallic bonds, electrons are delocalized.

Question 2

The electrostatic potential energy $E_{el}$ between two ions is given by $E_{el} = 2.31 	imes 10^{-19} \ J \cdot nm \left( \frac{Q_1 	imes Q_2}{d} ight)$. If $Q_1 = +1$, $Q_2 = -1$, and $d = 0.2 \ nm$, what is the value of $E_{el}$?

Accepted Answer

$E_{el} = -1.155 	imes 10^{-18} \ J$

Question 3

Which statement correctly explains why ionic compounds have high lattice energies?

Accepted Answer

Because the ions are held together by strong electrostatic attractions in a 3-D crystal lattice.

Question 4

Which of the following compounds would you expect to have the highest lattice energy?

Accepted Answer

MgO

Question 5

A covalent bond is formed when:

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared between two atoms.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes bond length?

Accepted Answer

The distance between the nuclei of two atoms joined together in a bond.

Question 7

Which of the following pairs of atoms would form a nonpolar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Cl and Cl

Question 8

Electronegativity generally:

Accepted Answer

Increases from left to right across a period and decreases from top to bottom down a group.

Question 9

Which of the following bonds is the most polar?

Accepted Answer

H-F

Question 10

What is the correct name for the compound $N_2O_5$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen pentoxide

Question 11

Which formula represents magnesium chloride?

Accepted Answer

$MgCl_2$

Question 12

Copper can form two different oxides: cuprous oxide and cupric oxide. What are their formulas?

Accepted Answer

Cuprous oxide: $Cu_2O$, Cupric oxide: $CuO$

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an oxoanion?

Accepted Answer

$SO_4^{2-}$

Question 14

Which statement about resonance structures is correct?

Accepted Answer

Resonance structures differ in the arrangement of electrons, not atoms.

Question 15

Which molecule is an example of an electron-deficient molecule?

Accepted Answer

$BeH_2$

Question 16

Which of the following molecules can have an expanded octet?

Accepted Answer

$SF_6$

Question 17

What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in $NO_3^-$ if the Lewis structure shows nitrogen with four bonds and no lone pairs?

Accepted Answer

0

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about bond order and bond length?

Accepted Answer

As bond order increases, bond length decreases.

Question 19

Which molecule is a free radical due to having an odd number of electrons?

Accepted Answer

$NO$

Question 20

Which of the following is the best Lewis structure for $N_2O$ based on formal charges?

Accepted Answer

$:N\equiv N-O:$ with formal charges 0, 0, -1

Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding – Study Notes for General Chemistry

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