Question 1

Which principle states that no two electrons in the same atom can have identical sets of quantum numbers?

Accepted Answer

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 2

What is the correct electron configuration for a neutral nitrogen atom (N)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^3$$

Question 3

Which of the following elements has the highest first ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

Cl

Question 4

What is the condensed electron configuration for manganese (Mn)?

Accepted Answer

$$[Ar] 4s^2$ 3d^5$

Question 5

Which of the following species is diamagnetic?

Accepted Answer

Zn

Question 6

When transition metals form cations, which electrons are removed first?

Accepted Answer

Electrons from the s subshell of the outermost shell

Question 7

Arrange the following atoms and ions in order of increasing radius: Cs$$^+$$, Xe, I$$^-. $$Which is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cs$$^+$$ \u003c Xe \u003c I$$^-$$

Question 8

Which rule explains why electrons fill degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up?

Accepted Answer

Hund's Rule

Question 9

What is the electron configuration for Fe$$^{2+}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$[Ar] 3d^6$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the trend in atomic radius across a period from left to right?

Accepted Answer

Atomic radius decreases

Question 11

Which equation correctly expresses the effective nuclear charge ($$Z_{eff}) $$felt by a valence electron?

Accepted Answer

$$Z_{eff} = Z - S$$

Question 12

Which of the following elements is most likely to have a large, negative electron affinity?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine (F)

Question 13

Why do cations tend to be smaller than their parent atoms?

Accepted Answer

Cations have fewer electrons, decreasing repulsion and increasing attraction

Question 14

Which of the following electron configurations represents an atom with all paired electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^6$$

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct orbital diagram for carbon in its ground state?

Accepted Answer

Two electrons in 1s, two in 2s, one in each of two 2p orbitals

Question 16

Which of the following atoms has the following ionization energies for the first four electrons: 578, 1817, 2745, 11577 kJ/mol?

Accepted Answer

Mg

Question 17

What is the trend in electron affinity as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Electron affinity decreases

Question 18

Which group in the periodic table contains elements with completely filled valence shells?

Accepted Answer

Group 8 (Noble gases)

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the noble gases are chemically inert?

Accepted Answer

They have completely filled valence shells

Question 20

Which of the following transition metals has an experimentally observed electron configuration that differs from the expected due to extra stabilization of a half-filled d subshell?

Accepted Answer

Chromium (Cr)

Chapter 9: Periodic Properties of the Elements – General Chemistry Study Notes

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