Q: Which of the following is the correct expression for calculating the molarity of a solution?

$M = \frac{\text{mol solute}}{\text{volume (L)}}$

Q: Which of the following is the correct way to express solubility?

$\frac{\text{g of solute}}{100\ \text{g water}}$

Question 1

A hospital pharmacist needs to prepare 250 mL of a 0.0200 M NaCl solution for an IV bag. How many moles of NaCl are required?

Accepted Answer

$0.00500$ mol

Question 2

Which of the following best describes what happens during the dilution of a solution?

Accepted Answer

The amount (moles) of solute remains the same, but the volume increases and the concentration decreases.

Question 3

A laboratory technician dilutes 0.100 L of 0.500 M HCl to a final volume of 0.400 L. What is the new molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$0.125$ M

Question 4

Which of the following statements about solubility is correct?

Accepted Answer

Most solids become more soluble as temperature increases.

Question 5

At 40°C, the solubility of KBr is 80 g per 100 g of water. If 100 g of KBr is added to 100 g of water at 40°C, what type of solution is formed?

Accepted Answer

Saturated

Question 6

A chemist needs to prepare 500 mL of a 0.100 M NaOH solution from a 1.00 M stock solution. What volume of the stock solution should be used?

Accepted Answer

$0.0500$ L

Question 7

Which equation is used to relate the concentrations and volumes before and after dilution?

Accepted Answer

$M_1 V_1 = M_2 V_2$

Question 8

A solution is prepared by dissolving 25 g of KBr in 50 g of water at 40°C. Given that the solubility of KBr at 40°C is 80 g per 100 g water, what type of solution is this?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated

Question 9

Which of the following real-world scenarios best illustrates the effect of temperature on gas solubility in water?

Accepted Answer

Thermal pollution from power plants reduces the amount of dissolved oxygen in rivers, harming aquatic life.

Question 10

A student needs to prepare 0.200 L of a 0.0250 M NaCl solution. How many grams of NaCl (molar mass = 58.44 g/mol) are required?

Accepted Answer

$0.292$ g

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a supersaturated solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution that contains more solute than can be dissolved at the current temperature.

Question 12

If 0.00500 mol of NaCl is dissolved in enough water to make 0.200 L of solution, what is the molarity?

Accepted Answer

$0.0250$ M

Question 13

Which factor does NOT affect the solubility of a solid solute in a liquid solvent?

Accepted Answer

Pressure

Question 14

A solution is prepared by diluting 0.180 L of 0.600 M HNO$_3$ to 0.540 L. What is the final molarity?

Accepted Answer

$0.200$ M

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct expression for calculating the molarity of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$M = \frac{	ext{mol solute}}{	ext{volume (L)}}$

Question 16

A solution is made by adding 60 g of KBr to 100 g of water at 40°C. The solubility of KBr at this temperature is 80 g per 100 g water. What is the solution type?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated

Question 17

If 0.240 L of 1.50 M NaOH is diluted to a concentration of 0.400 M, what is the final volume?

Accepted Answer

$0.900$ L

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why adding hot wastewater to rivers can harm aquatic life?

Accepted Answer

Hot water decreases the solubility of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases, reducing their concentration in water.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct way to express solubility?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{	ext{g of solute}}{100\ 	ext{g water}}$

Chapter 9: Solutions – Concentration, Dilution, and Solubility

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