Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the formal charge on an atom?

$$\text{Formal Charge} = \text{Valence Electrons} - \text{Nonbonding Electrons} - \frac{1}{2} \text{Bonding Electrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

A chemical bond formed by the transfer of valence electrons from a metal to a nonmetal.

Question 2

Which property is most characteristic of metallic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Electrical conductivity and malleability due to delocalized electrons.

Question 3

Which of the following compounds is most likely to have a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

H2O

Question 4

What is the formal charge on the central atom in the Lewis structure of CO2?

Accepted Answer

$$0$$

Question 5

Which of the following elements can have an expanded octet in its Lewis structure?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus

Question 6

A student draws a Lewis structure for $$SO_4$$^{2-}$$ and finds that the sulfur atom has 12 electrons around it. Which concept allows this structure to be valid?

Accepted Answer

Expanded octet

Question 7

Which of the following statements about resonance structures is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The actual structure is a blend (hybrid) of all resonance forms.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why NaCl has a high melting point?

Accepted Answer

It is held together by strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a lattice.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the formal charge on an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Formal Charge} = 	ext{Valence Electrons} - 	ext{Nonbonding Electrons} - \frac{1}{2} 	ext{Bonding Electrons}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the bonding in copper (Cu) metal?

Accepted Answer

A lattice of copper cations surrounded by a sea of delocalized electrons.

Question 11

Which of the following molecules is an example of a molecule with resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

$$SO_4$$^{2-}$$

Question 12

Which of the following statements about electronegativity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why metals are malleable and conduct electricity?

Accepted Answer

Metals have delocalized electrons that can move freely throughout the lattice.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a compound with an incomplete octet?

Accepted Answer

$$BF_3$$

Question 15

A molecule has a central atom with five bonds and no lone pairs. Which of the following is a possible example?

Accepted Answer

$$PF_5$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bonds involve unequal sharing of electrons, while nonpolar covalent bonds involve equal sharing.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about Lewis structures is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Lewis structures always show the exact three-dimensional geometry of a molecule.

Question 18

Which of the following is the best Lewis structure for the cyanide ion ($$CN^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

A structure with a triple bond between C and N, each with one lone pair, and a negative charge on carbon.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why $$H_2O is a $$polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, and the molecule has a bent shape.

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