Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process that occurs when sodium and chlorine form an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Sodium donates its valence electron to chlorine, resulting in the formation of Na$^+$ and Cl$^-$ ions that are held together by electrostatic attraction.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about lattice energy is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lattice energy is the energy released when gaseous ions combine to form an ionic solid.

Question 3

Given the following ionic compounds, which would you expect to have the most negative (largest magnitude) lattice energy?

Accepted Answer

MgO

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why the lattice energy of MgO is much greater (more negative) than that of NaCl?

Accepted Answer

MgO has ions with higher charges ($+2$ and $-2$) compared to NaCl ($+1$ and $-1$), which increases the electrostatic attraction.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for carbon dioxide (CO$_2$)?

Accepted Answer

O=C=O, with each oxygen atom having two lone pairs.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about electronegativity is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity is highest for alkali metals.

Question 7

Which of the following molecules contains a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

HF

Question 8

What is the total number of valence electrons in the Lewis structure of CH$_4$ (methane)?

Accepted Answer

$8$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a resonance structure?

Accepted Answer

One of two or more valid Lewis structures for a molecule that differ only in the placement of electrons.

Question 10

Which of the following steps is NOT part of the procedure for drawing a Lewis structure for a molecular compound?

Accepted Answer

Assign formal charges to each atom.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve eight electrons in their valence shell.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct order of bond polarity for the following bonds: H–F, H–Cl, H–Br?

Accepted Answer

H–F > H–Cl > H–Br

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds tend to have high melting points?

Accepted Answer

They are composed of ions held together by strong electrostatic forces (lattice energy).

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the electrostatic potential energy between two ions?

Accepted Answer

$E = \frac{k Q_1 Q_2}{r}$

Question 15

Which of the following molecules contains a triple covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

N$_2$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the Born-Haber cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is used to determine the lattice energy of an ionic compound by considering several steps including ionization energy, electron affinity, and enthalpy of formation.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A pair of electrons that is shared between two atoms, forming a bond.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

The actual structure of the molecule is a hybrid of all resonance structures.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct number of lone pairs on the central atom in the Lewis structure of H$_2$O?

Accepted Answer

$2$

Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model – Ionic and Covalent Bonding, Lattice Energy, Electronegativity, and Lewis Structures

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