Question 1

Which of the following best describes the type of bonding in sodium chloride (NaCl)?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are transferred from sodium to chlorine, forming oppositely charged ions.

Question 2

Which statement correctly explains why ionic bonds form between metals and nonmetals?

Accepted Answer

Metals lose electrons to form cations, and nonmetals gain electrons to form anions, resulting in electrostatic attraction.

Question 3

What is the correct Lewis dot symbol for an oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{O} \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot$

Question 4

Which of the following compounds is expected to have the highest lattice energy?

Accepted Answer

MgO

Question 5

When writing Lewis structures, which atom is typically placed at the center of the molecule?

Accepted Answer

The atom with the lowest electronegativity.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a metallic bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are pooled and delocalized among a lattice of metal cations.

Question 7

What is the total number of valence electrons in the Lewis structure for CO$_2$?

Accepted Answer

$16$

Question 8

Which of the following bonds is nonpolar covalent?

Accepted Answer

C--H

Question 9

Which statement about the octet rule is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Atoms form bonds to lower their potential energy, and the octet rule is a useful guideline for predicting stable electron configurations.

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct electron configuration for the S$^{2-}$ ion?

Accepted Answer

$[\mathrm{Ne}]\ 3s^2\ 3p^6$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about lattice energy is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lattice energy becomes more exothermic (more negative) as the charge of the ions increases.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for the ammonium ion (NH$_4^+$)?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{N}$ with four single bonds to H and no lone pairs, enclosed in brackets with a $+$ sign

Question 13

Which of the following elements has the highest electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen (N)

Question 14

A bond between two atoms has an electronegativity difference ($\Delta EN$) of $1.4$. What type of bond is this?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct step when constructing a Lewis structure for a polyatomic ion?

Accepted Answer

Add electrons for negative charges and subtract electrons for positive charges.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about metallic bonding is true?

Accepted Answer

Metallic bonds involve delocalized electrons that move freely among a lattice of metal cations.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for the compound formed between magnesium and nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

Mg$_3$N$_2$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why metals are malleable and ductile?

Accepted Answer

The sea of delocalized electrons allows atoms to slide past each other without breaking the metallic bond.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the formal charge in Lewis structures?

Accepted Answer

Formal charge is calculated as the number of valence electrons minus the number of lone pair electrons minus the number of bonds.

Question 20

Which of the following is an exception to the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Boron in BF$_3$

Chemical Bonding: Molecular & Ionic Compounds and Lewis Structures

Study Guide - Practice Questions