Question 1

Which of the following best explains why noble gases are generally unreactive?

Accepted Answer

They have a full octet of electrons in their outermost shell, making them stable.

Question 2

What is the correct Lewis (electron-dot) symbol for a chlorine atom?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Cl}$ with 7 dots around the symbol

Question 3

When sodium reacts with chlorine to form sodium chloride, what type of bond is formed and why?

Accepted Answer

An ionic bond, because sodium transfers an electron to chlorine, resulting in oppositely charged ions.

Question 4

Which of the following ions has the same electron configuration as neon ($\mathrm{Ne}$)?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Na}^+$

Question 5

What is the correct formula for magnesium oxide, given the charges of the ions involved?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{MgO}$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between two nonmetal atoms.

Question 7

Which of the following compounds is named correctly according to the rules for binary covalent compounds?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{P}_2\mathrm{O}_3$ is diphosphorus trioxide.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about electronegativity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's attraction for electrons in a bond.

Question 9

Given the electronegativity difference between hydrogen (2.1) and chlorine (3.0), what type of bond is present in $\mathrm{HCl}$?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bond

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct Lewis structure for water ($\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$)?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen atom in the center with two single bonds to hydrogen atoms and two lone pairs on oxygen.

Question 11

Which of the following is a polyatomic ion?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{NO}_3^-$ (nitrate ion)

Question 12

What is the correct formula for calcium nitrate?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Ca(NO_3)_2}$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the VSEPR theory?

Accepted Answer

It predicts the shape of molecules based on the repulsions between electron pairs on the central atom.

Question 14

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar, despite having polar bonds?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{CO}_2$

Question 15

A molecule has a central atom with two bonding pairs and two lone pairs. According to VSEPR theory, what is its molecular shape?

Accepted Answer

Bent

Question 16

Which of the following is a free radical?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{NO}$ (nitric oxide)

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct name for $\mathrm{FeCl_3}$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) chloride

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the octet rule is correct?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve eight electrons in their outer shell.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between an ionic and a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.

Question 20

A patient is given a medication containing ammonium sulfate. What is the correct formula for this compound?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{(NH_4)_2SO_4}$

Chemical Bonds: Structure, Types, and Properties

Study Guide - Practice Questions