Question 1

Which statement best describes the difference between the empirical and molecular formula of a compound?

Accepted Answer

The empirical formula shows the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a molecule, while the molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms in a molecule.

Question 2

What is the molecular formula of butene?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_4H_8}$

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct condensed structural formula for propane?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_3}$

Question 4

Which functional group is present in all alcohols?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl group ($\mathrm{-OH}$)

Question 5

Which of the following compounds is an example of a ketone?

Accepted Answer

Propanone

Question 6

What is the general formula for alkanes?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_nH_{2n+2}}$

Question 7

Which statement about homologous series is correct?

Accepted Answer

Members differ by a $\mathrm{CH_2}$ group and have similar chemical properties.

Question 8

As the number of carbon atoms in a straight-chain homologous series increases, what happens to the boiling point?

Accepted Answer

It increases.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct skeletal formula for but-2-ene?

Accepted Answer

A zig-zag line with a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms.

Question 10

Which class of organic compounds contains the functional group $\mathrm{-COOH}$?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acids

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct example of catenation in carbon?

Accepted Answer

Carbon atoms forming a long chain with single bonds.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the condensed formula $\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2OH}$?

Accepted Answer

Propanol

Question 13

Which functional group is present in all aldehydes?

Accepted Answer

Carbonyl group ($\mathrm{C=O}$) at the end of a carbon chain

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct general formula for esters?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_nH_{2n}O_2}$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the structural formula is correct?

Accepted Answer

It shows the spatial arrangement of all atoms and bonds in a molecule.

Question 16

Which functional group is present in all amines?

Accepted Answer

Amino group ($\mathrm{-NH_2}$)

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct general formula for aldehydes?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_nH_{2n}O}$

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct condensed structural formula for ethanoic acid?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{CH_3COOH}$

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the physical properties of a homologous series?

Accepted Answer

Physical properties change gradually, such as boiling point and density, as the series ascends.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct general formula for carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_nH_{2n+1}COOH}$

Fundamentals of Organic Compounds: Representation, Functional Groups, and Homologous Series

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