Question 1

Which law states that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Law of Conservation of Mass

Question 2

All samples of a given compound, regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have the same proportions of their constituent elements. Which law does this refer to?

Accepted Answer

Law of Definite Proportions

Question 3

Which subatomic particle determines the atomic number of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 4

A neutral atom of lithium has 3 protons. How many electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 5

Which of the following isotopes of carbon has the greatest number of neutrons?

Accepted Answer

$$^{14}\mathrm{C}$$

Question 6

Why do different isotopes of the same element have different masses?

Accepted Answer

They have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 7

Which of the following ions has 10 electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Na}^+$$

Question 8

What is the charge on an ion with 17 protons and 18 electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$-1$$

Question 9

Which of the following elements is an alkali metal?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Question 10

Which group of elements in the periodic table is the most unreactive and why?

Accepted Answer

Noble gases, because they have a full valence shell

Question 11

Which of the following statements about metals is correct?

Accepted Answer

Metals are malleable and ductile.

Question 12

How is the atomic mass of an element calculated?

Accepted Answer

By averaging the masses of all isotopes, weighted by their natural abundance

Question 13

Which of the following ions is represented by $$^{24}\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}$$?

Accepted Answer

12 protons, 12 neutrons, 10 electrons

Question 14

Which of the following elements does NOT contain the same number of electrons as $$\mathrm{Ne}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}$$

Question 15

What is the mass (in amu) of a gold atom if it has 118 neutrons and 79 protons?

Accepted Answer

$$197$$ amu

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between $$^{16}\mathrm{O}$$ and $$^{18}\mathrm{O}$$?

Accepted Answer

They have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 17

Which of the following is a property of nonmetals?

Accepted Answer

Brittle in solid state

Question 18

Which of the following ions has the same number of electrons as $$\mathrm{Ar}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K}^+$$

Question 19

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 20

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Chapter 2: General Chemistry: Atomic Structure, Isotopes, and Periodic Table Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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