Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between an ionic and a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

An ionic bond involves the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal, while a covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between two nonmetals.

Question 2

Given the reaction: $$2H_2 + O_2$ \rightarrow 2H_2O$$, how many moles of $$O_2$$ are required to completely react with 4 moles of $$H_2$$?

Accepted Answer

2 moles

Question 3

Which of the following compounds is most likely to be soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

$$NaCl$$

Question 4

What is the correct electron configuration for a neutral atom of sodium ($$Na$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^6$$ $$3s^1$$

Question 5

A sample of gas occupies 10.0 L at 2.00 atm and 300 K. What will be its volume at 1.00 atm and 300 K? (Assume ideal gas behavior.)

Accepted Answer

20.0 L

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why $$H_2O$$ has a higher boiling point than $$H_2S$$?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2O$$ forms hydrogen bonds, which are stronger than the dipole-dipole interactions in $$H_2S.$$

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the combustion of methane ($$CH_4$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$CH_4 + 2O_2$$ \rightarrow $$CO_2 + 2H_2O$

Question 8

A solution is prepared by dissolving 58.5 g of $$NaCl in $$enough water to make 1.00 L of solution. What is the molarity of the solution? ($$M_{NaCl} = 58.5 \ g/mol)$$

Accepted Answer

1.0 M

Question 9

Which of the following statements about oxidation and reduction is correct?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation is the loss of electrons, and reduction is the gain of electrons.

Question 10

If 0.50 mol of $$CaCl_2 is $$dissolved in water, how many moles of chloride ions are present in the solution?

Accepted Answer

1.0 mol

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about the periodic trend in atomic radius?

Accepted Answer

Atomic radius increases down a group and decreases across a period from left to right.

Question 12

A reaction has an equilibrium constant $$K_{eq} = 1 	imes 10^5$. Which statement is true about the reaction at equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

The concentration of products is much greater than the concentration of reactants.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the energy of a photon?

Accepted Answer

$$E = hf$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a buffer solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction between $$NaOH$$ and $$HCl$$?

Accepted Answer

$$OH^- + H^+ \rightarrow H_2O$$

Question 16

A sample of $$CO_2$$ gas is collected over water at 25°C and 1 atm. The vapor pressure of water at 25°C is 24 mmHg. What is the partial pressure of $$CO_2 in $$the sample? (1 atm = 760 mmHg)

Accepted Answer

736 mmHg

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct expression for the equilibrium constant $$K_{eq}$$ for the reaction $$aA + bB \rightleftharpoons cC + dD$$?

Accepted Answer

$$K_{eq} = \frac{[C]^c [D]^d}{[A]^a [B]^b}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding causes ice to have an open hexagonal structure, making it less dense than liquid water.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between temperature and reaction rate?

Accepted Answer

Increasing temperature increases the reaction rate by providing more molecules with sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier.

Question 20

A 0.1 M solution of a weak acid, $$HA$$, has a pH of 3. What is the $$[H^+]$$ concentration in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$ \ M$$

General Chemistry: Atomic Structure, Periodicity, and Chemical Bonding Study Notes

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